Endodermal Derivatives Flashcards
Germ layer: Organs
Endoderm: _____, _____, _____
gut, liver, lungs
Germ layer: Organs
_________: skeleton, muscle, kidney, heart blood
Mesoderm
Germ layer: Organs
Ectoderm: _______, nervous system
skin
the gut is just a _____
tube
endoderm is derived from _____ cells that ingress through the primitive streak
epiblast cells
endoderm is derived from epiblast cells that _______ through the primitive streak
ingress
endoderm is derived from epiblast cells that ingress through the _______ _____
primitive streak
endoderm will displace the _______
hypoblast
endoderm is lining the ______
archenteron
3 guts
foregut, midgut, and hindgut
_____ arbitrary structure; part of the gut that opens into the yolk sac
midgut
midgut is open to the cavity: __________
anterior intestinal portal
anterior and posterior intestinal portal will eventually meet
- midgut will be held by _______
mesenchyme
mesenchyme will be called ______ when it suspends the gut
mesentery
mesenchyme will be called mesentery when it suspends the gut
intestine: _______
Stomach: mesogaster
diverticulum: allantois
mesenterium
mesenchyme will be called mesentery when it suspends the gut
intestine: mesenterium
Stomach: _______
diverticulum: allantois
mesogaster
mesenchyme will be called mesentery when it suspends the gut
intestine: mesenterium
Stomach: mesogaster
diverticulum: ________
allantois
true or false
gut becomes bigger and bigger
False (smaller and smaller)
formation of gut is _______ with the development of the organ systems
concomitant
formation of amnion and chorion; ________
neurulation
formation of amnion and chorion; neurulation
- _________ ___
-reduction in size of yolk sac at the expense of growth in length of gut
- gut is elongating
- gut very constricted
midsagital cut
________
the reduction in size of yolk sac at the expense of growth in length of gut
-gut is elongating and very constricted
neurulation
Development of the gut
by the end of _______
6 weeks
_______ gives rise to different structures
Lungs, pancreas, pharynx
regionalization of the gut
regionalization of the gut
gives rise to different structures :
lungs, pancreas, pharynx
regionalization of the gut
beginning: tube has the ability to secrete _____
Shh
Regionalization of the gut
surrounding mesenchyme (____ ______) secretes epimorphin
splanchnic mesoderm
Regionalization of the gut
surrounding mesenchyme (splanchnic mesoderm) secretes _____
epimorphin
Regionalization of the gut
true or false
initiative to form gut starts from the gut itself then sends signals to cells around it
True
Regionalization of the gut
______ will secrete epimorphin to regionalize the gut
mesenchyme
Regionalization of the gut
Interaction of ___ gradient of the tube and ____
Shh, epimorphin
Regionalization of the gut
_______-_______ interactions are at play here
epithelial-mesenchymal
Regionalization of the gut
_______ are the reason why certain structures arise surrounding the gut
influence of mesenchyme around the gut
Wnt - antagonists
foregut:____
Hhex
Wnt - antagonists
midgut:____
Pdx1
Wnt - antagonists
hindgut:___
Cdx
Splanchnic mesoderm
secrete ___ and ____: induce the gut to finalize regionalization
Wnt, FGF 4
Splanchnic mesoderm
secrete Wnt and FGF -4
forms a gradient: hindgut will form a _____
hindgut
_______: no hindgut structures will develop
wnt antagonists
foregut: ____, _____, ____
lung buds, pharyngeal arches, pouches
Development of the Foregut
foregut, midgut and hindgut develop during head, tail and lateral body ____
folding
Development of the Foregut
Pharynx gives rise to:
PESduLiR
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
duodenum: liver and pancreas
Liver and pancreas
Resporatory System (alveoli to larynx)
Development of the Foregut
Primitive Pharynx
- 5 ridges appear
-called _________ _______
- 1,2,3,4,5 (6)
pharyngeal arches
Development of the Foregut
arches have:
- _______ externally
- mesenchymal core
- endoderm internally
ectoderm
Development of the Foregut
arches have:
- ectoderm externally
- _______ core
- endoderm internally
mesenchymal
Development of the Foregut
arches have:
- ectoderm externally
- mesenchymal core
- _______ internally
endoderm
primitive pharynx
differentiate ____, groove, ______
pouch, arch
Primitive Pharynx
______: is lined by endoderm
pouch
primitive pharynx
_______: ectodermally derived, induced by presence of pouch
groove
primitive pharynx
when pouch ______, induces ectoderm to invaginate
evaginates
primitive pharynx
________: cleft?? dito nagdedevelop respiratory structures such as gills
closing plate
Derivatives of the pharynx
pharynx: _______ flattened
dorsoventrally
Derivatives of the Pharynx
from floor: ______ and ______, ________
thyroid diverticulum and tounge and lung buds
Derivatives of the pharynx
from the pouches
1st pouch: ________
Eustachian tube to middle ear
Derivatives of the pharynx
from the pouches
____ pouch: Palatine tonsils
2nd
Derivatives of the pharynx
from the pouches
3rd and 4th pouches: _______, ______
thymus, parathyroids
Derivatives of the pharynx
from the pouches
5th pouch: ________ ________
Ultimobranchial bodies
True or False
Tonsils are derived from endoderm
False (not derived)
Cells that fill up thymus, thyroid, parathyroid and ultimobranchials are from ________ (rhombomeres)
neural crest
Rathke’s pouch
- foregut meeting the _______: oral plate
stomodaeum
Rathke’s pouch
- from the oral cavity will arise an ingrowth, that will meet with the ______ from the diencephalons
evagination
Rathke’s pouch
-meet to form the future ______
pituitary
Rathke’s pouch
_________; arise from most anteriori portion of oral cavity derived from stomodaeum
ectodermal
The Esophagus
true or False
-part of digestive tube that undergo much modification
False ( does not undergo)
The Esophagus
- divides and divides to give rise to the ______
lining
The Esophagus
-starts as a solid cord which ________ later
cavitates
The Esophagus
-becomes highly muscular but muscles are derived from ______ mesoderm
splanchnic
The stomach
- Differential growth rates of dorsal and ventral sides:
_____________
dorsal and ventral curvatures
The stomach
_______: grows much faster than the ventral side
dorsal
The stomach
dorsal ______ also grows much faster
mesogaster
The stomach
true or false
- stomach swings to the right
False ( to the left)
The stomach
- original _____ side faces the left
dorsal
The stomach
tilt a little bit: _____ and ______
cardiac and pyloric end
The stomach
Swings to the left; original dorsal side faces the left: _____ side faces right side
ventral
The stomach
- Right side faces dorsally: left side faces ventral
- ______ tilts to the right
Pyloric end
The stomach
_______ ______ (a recess) is created: anterior part is infracardiac recess
Omental bursa
The stomach
- O. bursa opens to ______ (parietal peritoneum through gastroepiploic foramen
coelom
The stomach
- O. bursa opens to coelom ( parietal peritoneum through _______ ________)
gastroepiploic foramen