The Excretory System

Question 1

What is excretion?

Answer 1

Excretion is the process of getting rid of waste products

Question 2

What are 3 excretory organs?

Answer 2

Skin
Lungs
Kidney
Liver*

Question 3

What does skin excrete?

Answer 3

Sweat

Question 4

What do lungs excrete?

Answer 4

Co2 Carbon dioxide

Question 5

What do kidneys excrete?

Answer 5

Urine

Question 6

What does the liver excrete? *

Answer 6

Amino acids, urea

Question 7

What are two functions of the urinary system?

Answer 7

Removes waste from blood
Regulates the body’s fluids and mineral salts

Question 8

5 processes of the urinary system:

Answer 8

Filtration
Absorption
Diffusion
Excretion

Question 9

Filtration

Answer 9

The kidneys remove waste substances such as urea, uric acid, unwanted salts and excess water from blood to make urine

Question 10

Absorbtion

Answer 10

Useful substances are absorbed back into the blood such as glucose and amino acids

Question 11

Diffusion

Answer 11

The process where molecules of substances move from a high concentration to a low concentration until there is a balance

Question 12

Excretion

Answer 12

Removal of waste substances from the body

Question 13

Kidneys

Answer 13

Filters waste substances from the blood

Question 14

Bladder

Answer 14

Stores urine temporarily

Question 15

Ureter

Answer 15

Tube that takes urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 16

Urethra

Answer 16

Tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body

Question 17

Renal artery

Answer 17

Blood vessel that brings blood that contains wastes to the kidney

Question 18

Renal vein

Answer 18

Carries cleaned blood away from the kidney

Question 19

Sphincter

Answer 19

Ring of muscle at the base of the bladder that controls the release of urine

Question 20

Renal failure

Answer 20

Kidneys do not function
Treatment: dialysis or kidney transplant

Question 21

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Answer 21

Bladder infection: caused by bacteria
Treatment: antibiotics

Question 22

Kidney stones

Answer 22

Crystals of mineral salts form in the urinary tract
Treatment: pain medication, shock wave therapy, surgery

Question 23

Nephron

Answer 23

The functional unit of the kidney (tube along which urine is finally produced). The kidney consists of millions of nephrons

Question 24

What happens at / by nephrons?

Answer 24

Each nephron is surrounded by tiny blood vessels (capillaries). There is an exchange of substances from the capillaries to the nephron. The end product is the urine that will be excreted at that time.

Question 25

Urine contains glucose

Answer 25

Diabetic

Question 26

Urine contains alot of white blood cells

Answer 26

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Question 27

HCG hormone

Answer 27

Pregnant

Question 28

Urine contains blood

Answer 28

Kidney or bladder damage or a disease like bilharzia

Question 29

What do kidneys play a role in?

Answer 29

Homeostasis by regulating the concentration of water in the body

Question 30

Homeostasis

Answer 30

Balance within the body

Question 31

Concentrated urine

Answer 31

If a person has not had enough water to drink the kidney retains whatever water it can in the body and a dark yellow, smelly urine is produced

Question 32

Dilute urine

Answer 32

If a person has had lots of water to drink and the kidney gets rid of excess water the body doesn’t need and a clearish urine is produced that doesn’t have a strong smell.