The eugenics movement Flashcards
a natural capacity, in born aptitude to do something
Talent (Highly Genetic)
Honed through practice
Skill
regarded as the Father of Eugenics
Francis Galton
Galton is Charles Darwin’s ___________
cousing
put emphasis on the importance of studying mental inheritance and individual differences in human capacities
Francis Galton
variations among human beings that distinguish or separate them from one another
Individual differences
branch of psychology that studies the nature, magnitude, causes, and consequences, of psychological differences between people and groups
Differential Psychology
Individual greatness or genius occurred within families far too often to be explained solely by environmental influences
Mental Inheritance
(Hereditary Genius 1869)
eminent men have eminent sons
Mental Inheritance
Eminence-or lack of it - is solely a function of heredity, not of opportunity
Mental Inheritance
from the greek word “Eugenes” which means _____________, hereditarily endowed with noble qualities
good in stock, Eugenics
the science (?) of eradicating genetic defects and improving the genetic make up of populations through artificial selection, and selective breeding
Eugenics
promotes reproduction by individuals with ostensibly superior characteristics or traits
Positive Eugenics
prevention of reproduction by individuals that are considered unfit or with undesirable qualities
Negative Eugenics
belgian mathematician who was the first to use statistical methods and the normal curve of distribution with biological and social data
Adolph Quetelet
term meaning average man
L’homme moyen
developed the current formula for calculating the correlation coefficient
Karl Pearson
a body of knowledge that “claims to be based on scientific arguments, but these arguments do not comply with strict scientific standards”
Pseudoscience
Characteristics of Pseudoscience
- Vague and cannot be falsified
- statements and theories are repeatedly falsified based on strict methodological principles
- non testability of theory and non-replicability of findings
- Ignoring contradicting evidence (confirmation bias)
- too much reliance on anecdotal evidence (testimony that something is true based on isolated examples based on personal experience)
- the burden of proof is on those who try to falsify the pseudoscientific claim (argumentum ad ignorantiam)
Detriments of believing in Pseudoscience
Horror - imposed forced sterilization on the mentally defective and disabled
Chaos - Nazis wanted to systematically eliminate Jewish People
Suffering - the faces and victims of atrocities
Phrenology (a persons capabilities are based on the bumps on their heads)
Franz Josef Gall & Johann Spurzheim
posed the idea of Animal Magnetism (existence of a universal magnetic fluid _________________), that influences health and well being of individuals
Franz Anton Mesmer, lebensmagnitismus
the experience of how things are, not what they should be, in their imperfect transient state. Teaches us to see ourselves not from a perspective of ruthless perfectionism but through a perspective of flaw appreciation
Wabi-sabi
