The Era of the Great War (Scottish Topic)

Question 1

Suffragettes and Suffragists

Which is Militant? Which is Peaceful?

Answer 1

Suffragettes = Militant (deeds, not words)

Suffragists = Peaceful

Question 2

What did the Suffragettes and Suffragists fight for?

Answer 2

Women’s right to vote

Question 3

What were methods used by the Suffragists?

Answer 3

Leaflets
Petitions
Speeches and Marches

Question 4

What was the Representation of the People Act

Answer 4

Men over 21 could vote
Women over 30 years old could vote if they were either a member or married to a member of the Local Government Register.
Some seats were redistributed to industrial towns.

Question 5

Why were Scottish Industries declining

Answer 5

Jute from Dundee - sandbags not needed post war
Shipbuilding on Clyde - lack of orders/need
Iron and Steel - no need for weapons
Foreign Competition - produce goods cheaper and more efficiently
Coal - replaced by electricity
Heavy industries - poor relationships with other countries (bought elsewhere)

Question 6

Facts about the Battle of Loos

Answer 6

30,000 Scots took part
Chlorine gas blew back due to wind
Battalions from every Scottish regiment fought at loos
21,000 killed at loos, 7000 scots

Question 7

What was the Battle of the Somme?

Answer 7

Haig was commander
60,000 died on day 1
Boys Brigade Battalion suffered 500 casualties
Hearts Battalion suffered 75% casualties

Question 8

Why did Scots sign up for war?

Answer 8

Propaganda (sense of duty, martial tradition, conscience)
Peer Pressure
Pals Battalions
Poverty
Patriotism

Question 9

What was introduced in 1916 that made men sign up for war?

Answer 9

conscription (18-41yr old men)

Question 10

What were concientious objectors?

Answer 10

people who did not to fight in the war for religious or moral or political reasons

Question 11

What was an alternativist?

Answer 11

Someone who wouldn’t fight in war but to an alternative job (carry a stretcher maybe)

Question 12

What was an absolutist?

Answer 12

someone who would do nothing to help the war

Question 13

When was rationing introduced

Answer 13

1918

Question 14

What did women do during the war?

Answer 14

worked in munitions factories (guns)
worked for the land army (due to blockade)
worked as nurses on the front
Ambulance drivers

Question 15

What were the rent strikes?

Answer 15

ordinary people protesting increasing rent prices

Question 16

How many people were permanently unemployed in Scotland?

Answer 16

100,000

Question 17

What was the Red Clydeside?

Answer 17

When the clyde workers commitee opposed the munitions act (which prevented people from striking or leaving work)

When people would also opposed rent increases

Eventually CWC led a campaign to reduce working hours from 54 to 40 which helped unemployment and create jobs for soldiers

Question 18

Reasons as to why Scots signed up for War

Answer 18

Boredom
Propaganda
Be a Hero
Pals Battalions
Back by Christmas
Peer Pressure
Wage
Patriotism
White Feather Campaign

Question 19

What weapons were used on the front

Answer 19

Tank
Machine gun
Artillery - constant bombardment - barbed wire bad
Gas - element of surprise - subject to wind
Rifle - kill up close - no long range - barbed wire bad
Plane - take pics of enemy trench - broke if too fast

Question 20

Why was rationing introduced

Answer 20

German U boats - sinking food

Concern for shortages - lead to malnutrition- Gov need strong healthy soldiers

Soldiers - had to reserve food for soldiers on front

Voluntary rationing failed - ensure everyone got a share of food

Slow rising prices - feared poor ppl would go hungry

Fear of Riots - no negative morale - no war effort

Lack of skilled farmers -production suffered

Question 21

What were some Terms of Dora

Answer 21

Censorship - keep morale high

Illegal to discuss war matters - stop spread of secrets

Gov would read private letters - stop secrets

BST introduced

Limit alcohol

No binoculars

No kites or fireworks - attract zepplins

Question 22

Describe the treatment of Conchies

Answer 22

shunned from society (white feather
Dyce work cap in Aberdeen (250)
Hard Labour (breaking granite 10x a day)
Harsh conditions (tents w straw beds)

Question 23

Why people became conchies

Answer 23

Moral grounds
Religious groups (pacifists
previous fighting experience (scared)
Scotland and UK not directly threatened (thought it was wrong)
Did not want to be soldiers (negotiation)
Members of Independent Labour party (against moral beliefs)

Question 24

Describe Trench conditions

Answer 24

Rats (disease)
Trench foot (waterlogged trenched)
Trench mouth (brushing teeth)
shell shock ( constant artillery bombardment)
mudd (uncomfortable)
waterlogged (difficult to move)
lice (many shaved heads)

Question 25

Describe Military tactics

Answer 25

Over the top - travel through no mans land

Artillery Bombardment - constant bombing

Flank- attack enemy from behind on no man’s land

Attacking at dusk - poor visibility

Question 26

Events of the rent strikes

Answer 26

Glasgow housing women’s association set up-encourage to strike
Crowded staircases
Flower bombs
Posted lookouts