Rise of Hitler and the Nazis Flashcards
When was the armistice signed
signed Nov 11th 1918
What did the Kaiser do before the war ended?
abdicate
Why was Germany Losing the War?
Naval blockade - 750,000 died
55% casualty rate
Italy changed sides
Germany went into debt
USA joined the war
Many left the Army
Describe the Events of the Spartacist Revolt
occurred 5th of January 1919 where 100,000 Germans protested and stormed the streets of Berlin
Newspaper offices and Communication services were infiltrated where the protesters would scream their motto, “down, down, down with the gov.”
Ebert sent out the Freikorps with tanks, guns and grenades to put down the rising in a violent manner.
The Leaders, Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Liebknecht were arrested and then later on executed
When was the treaty of Versailles signed?
1919
What were the Terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
No air force or submarines
army could only have 100,000 men
pay 6.6 billion reparations to the allies
War guilt clause
Return Alsace Lorraine to France
Only 6 battleships
Demilitarise the Rhimeland
What were some Pro’s of the Weimar Constitution
all men+women over 20 can vote
Small parties get voices heard during elections
Civil rights to all
What were some cons of the Weimar constitution
only people over 35 could vote on presidential elections
Reichstag could not remove important people
Chancellor and Cabinet Minister chosen by President - not vote
President may get rid of laws during fundamental emergencies
Describe the Events of the Munich Putsch
Occurred 1923
Hitler and 600 SA storm Beer Hall
Fires shot to declare national revolourtion
German army alerted about Hitlers Plans to storm Munich by Van Kahrt
Army and SA clash in the streets, 4 police dead 16 nazis dead
Hitler sentenced to Jail for 5 years but only serves 9 months
When did Hitler become Leader of the Nazi Party
1925
Describe the Benefits of Life Under Weimar
Standard of Living rose
Pension and sickness benefits introduced
Freedom of Speech
Freedom to choose career
Women welcomed to workforce
Welcome in League of Nations
wages rose
What was the impact of the 1929 wall street crash?
by 1929 1.5m unemployed
by 1933 6m unemployed
How did Hitler appeal to the people
unite people under 1 leader
order and discipline
Restore the Economy
Work and Bread
Make Germany Great
Destroy T.O.V
Why did people hate Weimar
Proportional Representation - weak coalition gov.
Signed the Armistice - Nov. criminals
Signed the T.O.V - stabbed Germany in the Back
Hyperinflation - poor handling w/ economy
W.S.C - left millions unemployed and hungry
Spartacist Revolt - can’t handle the public
What fear and intimidation tactics were used in Germany
Concentration camps - people were scared by idea of it
Public execution - feared death
Fear of the SS - no desire to be arrested
Gestapo - no torture or questioning
Hitler Youth - Kids would report people
Gestapo Informants - people afraid to express political beliefs in public
SA - many involved
What were the trerms of the Nuremberg Laws
Jews and Germans cant marry
Jews cant say theyre German
Jewish Kids seperated in schools
No citizenship
revoked vote
enter restaurants
How did Nazi’s maintain power
No political opposition - no other political parties
Trade unions banned - no opposing workforce or nazi regime
Censorship- no anti nazi views
Judges were Nazis - non nazis = unfair trial
Nazified curriculum - indoctrinate kids to be supporters
Control of German Youth - easy to manipulate
Fear and Intimidation
KDF
Propaganda
Control of Churches
Public Works programmes
Nuremberg Rallies
Lack of left wing opposition
Describe the Opposition groups in Nazi Germany
Edelweiss pirates: executed for killing gestapo
swing kids - protested by dancing
The White Rose movement - peaceful - anti nazi leaflets
Meuten - frequently attacked by Hitler youth
Describe Activities of the Hitler Youth
March to Pro Nazi Songs
Hiking and Camping
Sports to be competetive and fit
Train w weapons
Hitler Youth shows and parades
Hitler and SS guest speeches
How was education altered?
Biology - race science
Maths - focused on problem solving
PE - team building and communication
History - promotes a strong Germany
What happened to Women in Nazi germany
Dismissed from jobs = role to be mothers
Aryan women could only marry aryan men = prevent racial pollution
Lebensborn programme encouraged ppl to have babies w/ pure SS men: pure supporters
Prevented Fashion
Had to be fat = good for motherhood
Have as many kids as possible - mothers cross
Did Hyperinflation have pros?
Yes
Pros = person in debt
Cons = workers, those with fixed incomes (like pensioners)
Why were youth movements important to Nazis
children r gullible - susceptible to brainwashing
military training to be future soldiers
Girls trained to be wives and mothers to nurse soldiers
Party Fundraising
Snitch on parents - good informants
Follow orders and discipline
Describe the events of Kristallnacht
Organised attack on Jews
100 synagogues destroyed
300 Jews killed
30,000 were captured to spend 1 week in a holding camp
Describe the Events of the Reichstag fire
Van Der Lubbe found in the building which caused people to blame communists
Propaganda produced which showed the dangers of the communists
Helped the Nazis so much some say they started it
Occurred on February 27 1933
Name problems facing germany
Naval blockade 750,000 died
Coal shortages heated
Spanish flu killed thousands of Germans
Factories went bankrupt lost jobs
Turnip winter relied on them for food
Rise of crime social and economic problems
