The Endocrine Systems: An Overview

Question 1

List the basic function(s) of thyroid hormones.

Answer 1

1 - Basal metabolic rate.

2 - Growth.

Question 2

List the basic function(s) of parathyroid hormone.

Answer 2

Ca2+ regulation.

Question 3

List the basic function(s) of cortisol.

Answer 3

1 - Glucose regulation.

2 - Inflammation.

Question 4

List the basic function(s) of aldosterone.

Answer 4

1 - Blood pressure regulation.

2 - Na+ regulation.

Question 5

List the basic function(s) of catecholamines.

Answer 5

1 - Blood pressure regulation.

2 - Stress.

Question 6

List the basic function(s) of oestradiol.

Answer 6

1 - Menstruation.

2 - Femininity.

Question 7

List the basic function(s) of testosterone.

Answer 7

1 - Sexual function.

2 - Masculinity.

Question 8

List the basic function(s) of insulin.

Answer 8

Glucose regulation.

Question 9

List the basic function(s) of ANP.

Answer 9

Na+ regulation.

Question 10

List the basic function(s) of vitamin D.

Answer 10

Ca2+ regulation.

Question 11

List the basic function(s) of ACTH.

Answer 11

Regulation of the adrenal cortex (cortisol and aldosterone).

Question 12

List the basic function(s) of TSH.

Answer 12

Thyroid hormone regulation.

Question 13

List the basic function(s) of GH.

Answer 13

1 - Growth.

2 - Metabolism.

Question 14

List the basic function(s) of LH/FSH.

Answer 14

Reproductive control.

Question 15

List the basic function(s) of prolactin.

Answer 15

Breast milk production.

Question 16

List the anterior pituitary hormones.

Answer 16

1 - ACTH.

2 - TSH.

3 - GH.

4 - LH/FSH.

5 - Prolactin.

Question 17

List the basic function(s) of ADH.

Answer 17

Water regulation.

Question 18

List the basic function(s) of oxytocin.

Answer 18

1 - Breast milk expression.

2 - Stimulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction during pregnancy.

Question 19

Via which hormone does the hypothalamus communicate with the pituitary gland to control thyroid function?

What does this hormone stimulate the release of?

Answer 19

• Thyrotropin releasing hormone.

- Stimulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone.

Question 20

Where is negative feedback directed to in the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis?

Answer 20

Both the pituitary and the hypothalamus.

Question 21

List the hormones released by the thyroid gland.

Answer 21

1 - Tri-iodo-thyronine (T3).

2 - Thyroxine (T4).

Question 22

What is Grave’s disease?

Answer 22

A condition where antibodies bind to the TSH receptors on follicular cells to stimulate uncontrolled thyroid hormone synthesis.

Question 23

List 2 signs of Grave’s disease.

Answer 23

1 - Bulging eyes.

2 - Goitre.