the endocrine system✅

Question 1

what is the endocrine system?

Answer 1

system of glands that secrete chemical messages (hormones)

Question 2

what does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 2

control system that regulates the endocrine system

its connected to the pituitary gland that stimulates the release of hormones

Question 3

what is the pituitary gland also known as and why?

what is it divided into?

Answer 3

the master gland bc it controls all others

2 parts; the anterior (front) & posterior (back)

Question 4

pituitary gland:
what does the anterior lobe do?

what does the posterior lobe do?

Answer 4

releases ACTH which stimulates adrenal Cortex and the release of cortisol

releases oxytocin which is responsible for uterus contractions in birth

Question 5

adrenal gland:
- what 2 parts is this divided into?

• what does the adrenal medulla do??
• what does the adrenal cortex do?

Answer 5

• the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex
• releases adrenaline and noradrenaline which play a key role in ‘fight or flight’
• releases cortisol which stimulates the release of glucose

Question 6

the pineal gland:

• what hormone does this gland release and what is it responsible for?

Answer 6

releases melatonin, important for biological rhythms such as sleep wake cycle

Question 7

testes Gland:

• where is it?
• what is it responsible for?

Answer 7

• in the scrotem

- making sperm and producing testosterone

Question 8

ovaries gland:

• what hormone does it release?
• what does it control?
• what does it affect?

Answer 8

• oestrogen
• the regulation of the female reproductive system
• female sexual characteristics, menstruation and pregnancy

Question 9

thyroid gland:

• what hormone does ir release?
• what does it regulate?

Answer 9

• thyroxine

- regulates metabolic rate and protein synthesis

Question 10

• what does the endocrine system do?

- how are our hormone levels regulated?

Answer 10

• maintains homeostasis in or body keeping it consistent

- regulated by feedback

Question 10

• what does the endocrine system do?

- how are our hormone levels regulated?

Answer 10

• maintains homeostasis in or body keeping it consistent

- regulated by feedback

Question 11

endocrine system:

• where is a signal sent to and from causing what?
• what happens as levels of the hormone in the bloodstream increases?

Answer 11

• sent from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland which it then secrets a stimulating hormone into the bloodstream.
• the hypothalamus stops secreting the realising hormone.

Question 12

‘fight or flight’

• what does the hypothalamus do when in stress?
• what does the ANS switch from what state to another?

Answer 12

• triggers activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)

- switches from resting state (parasympathetic) to an aroused state (sympathetic)

Question 13

‘fight or flight’
- what is the stress hormone and what is an effect of it when it enters the bloodstream?

• what feelings can this trigger?

Answer 13

• adrenaline → released from the adrenal gland into the blood and it increases our heart rate and triggers fight or flight response
• feelings of anxiety, panic, excitement

Question 14

‘fight or flight’
- what happens one the threat has passed?

• what does this system act as?

Answer 14

• the parasymp. NS returns he body to its resting state

- acts as a brake and reduces the activities of the body there were increased