The Element of Surprise - Matter Flashcards
Atom
the smallest part of an element which still has all of the chemical properties of that element
Boiling point
A change in which new or different kinds of matter are formed
Chemical Property
any characteristic, such as ability to burn, that allows a substance to undergo a change that results in a new substance
Chemical symbol
a 1- or 2-letter code for a chemical element, usually derived from the name of the element, often in Latin. Only the first letter is capitalized
Compound
when elements combine and are represented by chemical formulas
Conductivity
a measure of a material’s ability to conduct an electric current
Constants
All factors which are NOT allowed to change during the experiment
Control Group
The group (standard) to which everything is compared
Density
mass divided by volume
Dependent Variable
The variable that responds. What you are measuring. The effect(s), result(s), responding variable, etc.
Element
a substance that contains only one type of atom
Experimental Group
The group(s) being tested with the independent variable
Freezing point
the temperature at which matter changes state from solid to liquid
Gas
when matter maintains a fixed volume but adapts to the shape of its container
Hypothesis
an educated guess or what you think will happen in an experiment. needs to be written as an “If/Then” statement.
Independent Variable
The variable that is change don purpose by the experimenter. The cause, stimulus, reason, manipulated variable, etc.
IVCDV Chart
Used to design and organize information before performing an experiment. Shows you how the independent variable(s), dependent variable(s) and constant(s) interact.
Liquid
when matter maintains a fixed volume but adapts to the shape of its container
Luster
a description of the way light interacts with the surface of a crystal, rock, or mineral
Malleability
material’s ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling, ability to to deform under pressure
Mass
the amount of matter in an object
Matter
anything (solid, liquid, or gas) that has mass and takes up space
Melting point
the temperature at which matter changes state from solid to liquid
Metal
chemical elements that are a good conductor of both electricity and heat
Metalloid
chemical elements showing metallic luster, their other properties vary from element to element, neither metal or non-metal
Non-metal
chemical elements which are poor conductors of heat and electricity, in solid form, they are dull and brittle, usually have lower densities than metals
Periodic Table
A chart of chemical elements organized by their atomic structures
Physical change
change that alters the size, shape or state of an object or substance
Physical Property
qualities that can be determined by using your own senses, such as color, shape, taste, smell, and state of matter
Precipitate
a solid formed in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction
Qualitative data
information that is not in numbers; based on physical properties of a substance or object. Ex., size, color, state of, matter, etc.
Quantitative data
information represented in numbers. Ex., 5 inches, 23gms, etc.
Reactivity
length of time that it takes for a substance to go through a chemical change with another substance
Repeated Trials
The number of times the experiment is repeated. The more times you repeat the experiment, the more VALID your results are
Solid
when matter maintains a fixed volume and shape
States of matter
solid, liquid or gas forms of matter
Variable
Something that changes. There is no such thing as a constant variable.
Weight
the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object
Name three PHYSICAL CHANGES
- Aluminum foil is cut in half.
- Clay is molded into a new shape.
- Butter melts on warm toast.
- Water evaporates from the surface of the ocean.
- A juice box in the freezer freezes.
- Rubbing alcohol evaporates on your hand.
Name three CHEMICAL CHANGES
- Milk goes sour.
- Jewelry tarnishes.
- Bread becomes toast.
- Rust forms on a nail left outside.
- Gasoline is ignited.
- Hydrogen peroxide bubbles in a cut.
- Food scraps are turned into compost in a compost pile.
- A match is lit.
- You take an antacid to settle your stomach.
- Your body digests food.
- You fry an egg.
comprise
to contain, “is made up of” or “consists of”
differentiate
to perceive the difference between two or more things
classification
arrangement of animals and plants in groups according to their similarities
