Review for EOQ # 2 Flashcards
What is the difference between an “element” and a “compound”?
“Elements” are made of only one type of atom.
“Compounds” occur when 2 or more elements bond together and can only be separated by chemical means.
Explain a “chemical symbol” and how it differs from a “chemical formula”.
A “chemical symbol” is a 1-2 letter code for a chemical element. (A capital letter or capital followed by a lower case letter.)
A “chemical formula” contains letters and numbers (subscripts) that represent the type and number of elements bonded together.
What are the physical properties of a metal?
Metals have luster (SHINY) and are malleable, ductile, solids, and good conductors of heat and electricity. ***They are located to the left of the stair steps on the periodic table.
What are physical properties of a nonmetal?
Nonmetals are DULL, brittle, earth tone colored, and not good conductors of heat and electricity. ***They are located to the right of the stair steps on the periodic table.
What are the physical properties of a metalloid?
Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Some have luster, some are dull, and they are partially conductive of heat and electricity. *** they are located on the stair steps of the periodic table.
What are the physical properties? Give 3 examples.
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Think … physically (getting up and going) to turn on That Darn Heat (TDH)
Physical properties are characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance. Ex: Temperature, density, and melting point.
What are chemical properties? Give 3 examples.
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Chemical properties are the ability or inability to combine to change into one or more substances. Ex: The ability to rust, tarnish, or react with another substance.
What is the difference between a physical and chemical change?
In a physical change the substance may look different but it is still the same substance.
During a chemical change a new substance is formed.
How do you know if a chemical change has taken place?
Signs of a chemical change include bubbling, fizzing, a change in odor, a change in temperature, production of smoke, formation of a precipitate, and other indications of a new substance being made.
What two gases make up 99% of the Earth’s atmosphere?
Nitrogen 78% and Oxygen 21%
What 4 main elements make up living things?
Think HONC at living things in the street H-Hydrogen O-Oxygen N-Nitrogen C-Carbon
What 4 main elements make up the oceans?
Think SHOC in the ocean (pronounce like shark)
S-Sodium (salt)
H-Hydrogen
O-Oxygen
C-Chlorine (it’s what they put in pools/water)
What 2 main elements make up the crust of the earth?
Think need crust SO we can make a pie
S-Silicon (silly-con)
O-Oxygen
The ability of a substance to be pounded into sheets is called …
malleability
The ability of a substance to be stretched into a wire is called …
ductility
The ability of an object to burn is called …
flammability
The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity is called …
conductivity
How do we determine the density of a bumpy rock?
Find mass and volume. Then divide mass by volume.
Measure the mass of the rock on a triple beam balance, find the volume of water i displaces in a graduated cylinder, and then divide the mass by the volume.
COAL
Define each energy resource, identify as renewable or non renewable, and list 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage for each.
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Coal - A fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plant and animals from millions of years ago that were transformed by head and pressure over time
Non renewable
Advantages
- there is a lot of coal in the USA
- we make money from it and sell it to other countries
- relatively cheap resource
- easily transported to power plants
Disadvantage 1. will run out in about 100 years 2. produces the most CO2 and pollution 3 coal miners can get black lung disease 4. mines destroy the environment
OIL
Define each energy resource, identify as renewable or non renewable, and list 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage for each.
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Oil - A fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plant and animals from millions of years ago that were transformed by head and pressure over time
Non renewable
Advantages
- oil can be found in lots of places in the USA
- we can easily transport oil in pipes and by tankers or ships
- relatively cheap resource
Disadvantages
- oil spills hurt the environment and animals
- will run out - nonrenewable
- pollution from burning the oil
- working on oil rigs can be dangerous - explosions!
Define Natural Gas
A fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plant and animals from millions of years ago that were transformed by head and pressure over time
Non renewable
