The Elbow

Question 1

Functional Anatomy

Answer 1

• flexion, extension, pronation and supination
• bony limitations
• carrying angle

Question 2

Prevention of Elbow Injuries

Answer 2

• limit number of pitches
• throwing mechanics
• strengthen muscles
• maintain full ROM
• stretching

Question 3

Contusion

Answer 3

• vulnerable due to lack of padding
• direct blow or repetitive blows
• swelling and pain
• possible loss of ROM and function
• RICE

Question 4

Olecranon Bursitis

Answer 4

• superficial makes it susceptible
• pain, swelling, point tenderness
• RICE
• chronic cases may respond to heat and/or other therapies

Question 5

Dislocation of Elbow

Answer 5

• FOOSH
• swelling, severe pain, nerve and circulatory damage, radial head fracture
• Ice and immobilization
• refer for reduction
• motor for shock

Question 6

Dislocation of Elbow

Answer 6

• FOOSH
• swelling, severe pain, nerve and circulatory damage, radial head fracture
• Ice and immobilization
• refer for reduction
• motor for shock

Question 7

Fractures of the Elbow

Answer 7

• FOOSH
• direct blow
• deformity, hemorrhage, swelling, pain, muscle spasm
• immobilization, ROM, surgery,

Question 8

OCD

Answer 8

• impairment of blood supply resulting in degeneration of articular cartilage, creating loose bodies
• repetitive micro trauma from elbow rotation, extension, valgus stress
• sudden pain, chronic pain, decrease in ROM, locking of the joint, swelling
• activity restriction for 6-12 weeks, immobilization for cases of extensive deterioration

Question 9

OCD

Answer 9

• impairment of blood supply resulting in degeneration of articular cartilage, creating loose bodies
• repetitive micro trauma from elbow rotation, extension, valgus stress
• sudden pain, chronic pain, decrease in ROM, locking of the joint, swelling
• activity restriction for 6-12 weeks, immobilization for cases of extensive deterioration

Question 10

Volkmann’s Contracture

Answer 10

• humeral supracondylar fractures
• may become permanent
• loss of motor and sensory function
• pain in forearm - increases with passive extension of fingers
• cessation of brachial and radial pulses

Question 11

Muscle strains

Answer 11

• MOI is excessive resistive motion
• RICE
• refer?

Question 12

Muscle strains

Answer 12

• MOI is excessive resistive motion
• RICE
• refer?

Question 13

UCL injuries

Answer 13

• valgus force
• pain along medial aspect of elbow
• pain with valgus stress
• NSAIDs, strengthening, tommy johns surgery

Question 14

lateral epicondylitis/medial

Answer 14

• repetitive microtrauma
• aching pain in region of lateral epicondyle
• elbow has decreased ROM
• RICE, NSAIDs
• brace

Question 15

Little League Elbow

Answer 15

• caused by repetitive micro trauma that occur from throwing
• accelerated apophyseal growth
• onset is slow
• locking or catching
• RICE, NSAIDs, stop throwing