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AT 541 > Drugs and Athletics > Flashcards

Drugs and Athletics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a drug?

A
  • chemical agent used in prevention, treatment and diagnosis of disease
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2
Q

Dispensing vs. Adminstering

A

ATs dispense

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3
Q

Administration of Drugs

A
  • much reach receptor tissue to be effective
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4
Q

Internal Administration

A
  • inhalation
  • intradermal
  • intramuscular
  • intranasal
  • intraspinal
  • intravenous
  • oral
  • rectal
  • sublingual
  • intravaginal
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5
Q

External Administration

A
  • Inunctions
  • ointments
  • pastes
  • plasters
  • transdermal patches
  • solutions
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6
Q

Legal Concerns

A

dispensing constitutes providing a sufficient quantity to be used for multiple doses

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7
Q

Traveling with Medications

A
  • athletes should carry medication with them
  • do not store in luggage
  • keep medication in original container
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8
Q

Drugs to combat infection

A
  • antiseptics
  • disinfectants
  • germicides
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9
Q

Germicidies

A
  • designed to destroy bacteria

- fungicides, sporicides, and sanitizers

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10
Q

Alcohol

A
  • most widely used skin disinfectant
  • kills bacteria immediately with the exception of spores
  • can be used as an antiseptic or astringent
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11
Q

Phenol

A
  • lysol

- used to control disease organisms

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12
Q

Halogens

A
  • chlorine
  • bromine
  • fluoride
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13
Q

Oxidizing agents

A
  • hydrogen peroxide

- decomposes in the presence of organic substances and has little use as an antiseptic

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14
Q

Antibiotics

A
  • used topically or as a systemic medication
  • you MUST finish the course of antibiotics for it to be effective
  • it disrupts the metabolic process of pathogenic microorganisms
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15
Q

Bacitracin

A

anti-bacterial agent

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16
Q

Tetracycline

A
  • wide group of antibiotics that have broad antibacterial spectrum
  • taken orally usually
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17
Q

Sulfonamides

A
  • used for urinary tract and skin infections
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18
Q

Goals of Asthma Therapy

A
  • prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms
  • maintain normal lung function
  • prevent exacerbation
  • provide adequate pharmacotherapy with minimal adverse effects
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19
Q

Asthma

A
  • often individuals become dependent on inhalers

- its useful to have a 2nd inhaler around b/c they will forget

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20
Q

Counteriritants/Local Anesthetics

A
  • spray coolants
  • menthol
  • give relief by causing systemic and topical analgesia
  • local injectable anesthetics athletes can NOT play
21
Q

Narcotic Analgesics

A
  • codeine
  • morphine
  • meperidine
  • *prescribed
22
Q

Non-Narcotic Analgesics and Antipyretics

A
  • designed to suppress pain without losing consciousness

- Tylenol

23
Q

Tylenol

A
  • acetaminophen
  • over-injestion can lead to liver damage/death
  • it is not an anti-inflammatory
24
Q

Drugs to Reduce Inflammation

A
  • Acetylsalicylic Acid (Asprin)
  • anti-inflammatory
  • over injestion can lead to tinnitus, dizziness
  • alergic reactions can result in anaphylaxis
25
Q

IBUprofen

A
  • NSAID
  • anti-inflammatory (but not for 14 days)
  • can cause GI reactions, headache, depression
  • associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events
26
Q

Corticosteroids

A
  • used primarily for chronic inflammation of musculoskeletal and joint problems
  • usually injected
  • also through ionto/phonophoresis
  • can cause disturbances
27
Q

Drugs that Produce Skeletal Muscle Relaxation

A
  • methocarbamol, cyclobenzaprine, and carisoprodol

- used to eliminate muscle guarding and spasm

28
Q

Drugs Used to Treat GI Disorders

A
  • includes stomach upset, gas formation due to food incompatibilities, acute or chronic hyperacidity
  • antacids
  • relief of acid indigestion, heart burn, peptic ulcers
29
Q

Antimetics

A
  • used to treat nausea and vomiting
  • works locally (lining of stomach)
  • works centrally (makes brain less sensitive to nerve impulses from inner ear and stomach)
30
Q

Carminatives

A
  • inhibit gas formation
31
Q

Cathartics

A
  • laxatives
  • must be under direct supervision of physician
  • may cause electrolyte imbalance
32
Q

Antidiarrheals

A
  • diarrhea tends to be a symptom, not a disease

- result of emotional stress, allergies, adverse drug reaction, intestinal problems

33
Q

Acute Diarrhea

A
  • accompanied by chills, vomiting, intense abdominal cramps/pain
  • will typically run it’s course and stop when irritating agent is removed from system
34
Q

Chronic Diarrhea

A
  • may last for days or weeks and may be the result of more serious disease states
35
Q

Nasal Decongestants

A
  • combat meth epidemic act

- bans OTC retail sales of cold meds with pseudoephedrine

36
Q

Cough Medications

A
  • suppress cough (antitussives) or produce fluid in respiratory system (excectorant)
37
Q

Antihistamines

A
  • often added to decongestants
  • beneficial in allergies
  • impairs body’s ability to dissipate heat
38
Q

Sympathomimetics

A
  • often used to reduce spasm of bronchiole smooth muscle
  • EpiPen (epinephrine)
  • *pay attention to athletes in heat w/use of histamines
39
Q

Drugs to Control Bleeding

A
  • Vasoconstrictors

- Hemostatic Agents (quikclot, hemcon)

40
Q

Anticoagulants

A
  • heparin

* doesn’t desolve clot

41
Q

Drugs that Can Increase the Rate of Heat Illness

A
  • anticholinergics/antihistamines (decrease sweating)
  • sympathomimetic amines
  • diuretics (alters volume expansion and cutaneous vasodilation)
  • phenothiazines (hot/cold reg)
42
Q

Record Keeping

A
  • must maintain accurate and up to date medical records
  • quantity of medication
  • method of administration
43
Q

Medical Records

A
  • name
  • complaint
  • current medications
  • any known drug allergies
  • name of medication
  • lot number
  • expiration date
  • quantity of given
  • method of admin
  • date/time of admin
44
Q

Managing a Drug Overdose

A
  • call EMS

- call Poison control center

45
Q

Drug Testing in Athletics

A
  • purpose is to identify individuals who have problems with drug abuse
  • NCAA and USOC routinely test
46
Q

The Drug Test

A
  • NCAA requires all athletes to sign consent form agreeing to participate in testing throughout the year
  • during the test, athlete provides identification and urine sample under direct supervision
47
Q

Sanctions for NCAA

A

1st: minimum one year suspension

2nd +: positives can result in lifetime disqualification

48
Q

USOC

A

range from 3 months to 24 months depending on drug for first time offense
*lifetime ban for successive positive tests

49
Q

High School

A

national federation of state high school associations does not have a banned substance list or policies on testing

AT 541 (10 decks)

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