The earth Flashcards
The earths crust is made up of large segments that can move around. What are these called?
Tectonic Plates
In which type of rock might you find fossils?
Sedimentary rocks
A sedimentary rock is buried and subjected to high heat and pressure. What type of rock is formed?
Metamorphic Rock
List the following in order of size from smallest to biggest.
mineral, compound, element, rock
Element, compound, mineral and rock
Name the nine processes in a rock cycle.
Weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, burial/ compression/cementation,heat/pressure,melting,cooling,exposure.
Describe two types of weathering in rocks.
Onion skin weathering- the Sun warms the surface of a rock by day and by night it cools down, causing the surface to expand and contract. Eventually it breaks away, like peeling an onion.
Freeze- thaw - weathering, water in a crack in a rock freezes and expands, making the crack bigger. After freezing and thawing many times, bits break off.
What are the earths three main layers?
Crust
Mantle
Core
Which layer of the earth is thought to be made of iron and nickel?
The core
What type of rock is formed from solidifying magma?
Igneous rock
How is a metamorphic rock formed?
The metamorphic rock was formed by heat from the magma and pressure from the mass of the rock above.
How will layers of sediment be turned into rocks?
Pressure from the weight of the layers above squashes the water out and the sediments are cemented together by minerals.
There are often fossils in sedimentary rocks. What can geologists find out about rocks from these fossils?
The relative age of the rocks.
