the earliest cities

Question 1

What was the general layout of cities in the Harappan Civilization?

Answer 1

Cities were divided into upper and lower parts.

Question 2

What was the citadel in Harappan cities?
a) A residential area for common people.
b) A smaller but elevated part of the city.
c) A marketplace located in the center.
d) A storage area for grains.

Answer 2

b) A smaller but elevated part of the city.

Question 3

Which feature of Harappan bricks contributed to their durability?
a) Use of metal reinforcement.
b) Interlocking patterns.
c) Polishing with natural tar.
d) High-temperature baking techniques.

Answer 3

Answer: d) High-temperature baking techniques.

Question 4

What unique artifact is NOT commonly associated with Harappan cities?
a) Painted pottery with black designs.
b) Stone weights and seals.
c) Circular stone pillars.
d) Parallel-sided long stone blades.

Answer 4

Answer: c) Circular stone pillars.

Question 5

What was the likely purpose of the Great Bath at Mohenjodaro?
a) Storage of water for irrigation.
b) Public bathing and religious ceremonies.
c) Cooling system for the citadel.
d) Recreational purposes for the citizens.

Answer 5

b) Public bathing and religious ceremonies.

Question 6

What was a significant feature of storehouses in Harappan cities?
a) Use of air-cooling systems.
b) Elevated platforms for flood protection.
c) Built entirely underground.
d) Circular in design for easy access.

Answer 6

b) Elevated platforms for flood protection.

Question 7

Q: What were Harappan houses typically like?

Answer 7

A: They were one or two storeys high, built around a courtyard, with separate bathing areas and sometimes wells

Question 8

Q: What was special about Harappan drainage systems?

Answer 8

A: Drains were covered, had gentle slopes for water flow, and were connected from houses to street drains, with inspection holes for cleaning.

Question 8

Q: Who were the rulers in Harappan cities, and what were their likely roles?

Answer 8

A: The rulers planned construction, managed trade expeditions, and kept valuable items like gold and silver ornaments.

Question 9

how were the drains inspected and cleaned?
a) By digging trenches next to them.
b) By flushing water through the entire system.
c) Through inspection holes at intervals.
d) Using large reservoirs to redirect water.

Answer 9

Answer: c) Through inspection holes at intervals

Question 10

What toys have been found in Harappan cities, and what do they indicate?

Answer 10

A: Terracotta toys have been discovered, showing that children in Harappan cities had playthings.

Question 11

What does the script on Harappan seals signify?

Answer 11

A symbolic language still undeciphered.

Question 12

What do the Harappan seals represent?
a) Ownership of goods for trade.
b) Religious symbols of worship.
c) Early attempts at writing and communication.
d) Records of population in the city.

Answer 12

c) Early attempts at writing and communication.

Question 13

What is carnelian, and what was it used for?

Answer 13

A red stone used for making beads

Question 14

What is faience, and how was it made?

Answer 14

A glazed material made by shaping sand or powdered quartz

Question 15

What were spindle whorls, and what were they used for?

Answer 15

Implements for spinning thread

Question 16

What is a striking feature of Harappan stone weights?

Answer 16

They were made of chert and carefully shaped.

Question 17

What kind of designs were typically found on Harappan pots?

Answer 17

Black designs on red pottery

Question 18

Who were Harappan specialists, and what did they do?
a) Farmers who worked on advanced irrigation
b) Craftspersons trained in specific tasks like bead polishing or seal carving
c) Traders who specialized in selling metals and stones
d) Soldiers who protected the city from invasions

Answer 18

b) Craftspersons trained in specific tasks like bead polishing or seal carving

Question 19

Which materials were commonly used by the Harappans for making tools, ornaments, and vessels?
a) Iron and steel
b) Copper, bronze, gold, and silver
c) Aluminum and tin
d) Clay and terracotta

Answer 19

b) Copper, bronze, gold, and silver

Question 20

Q: What distinguishes Harappan seals?

Answer 20

A: They were rectangular with animal carvings, often used as early forms of communication or trade markers.

Question 21

What are raw materials, and how were they used by the Harappans?

Answer 21

Naturally found or farmed substances processed into finished goods like tools, ornaments, or cloth

Question 22

What crops were cultivated by Harappans?
a) Wheat, maize, sugarcane, and cotton
b) Wheat, barley, pulses, sesame, linseed, and mustard
c) Rice, millet, cotton, and sugarcane
d) Barley, pulses, maize, and jute

Answer 22

b) Wheat, barley, pulses, sesame, linseed, and mustard

Question 22

From where did the Harappans likely obtain copper and tin?
a) Copper from Gujarat and tin from Karnataka
b) Copper from West Asia and tin from Afghanistan and Iran
c) Both copper and tin from Afghanistan
d) Tin from Gujarat and copper from present-day Karnataka

Answer 22

Answer: b) Copper from West Asia and tin from Afghanistan and Iran

Question 22

Which raw material used by the Harappans is believed to have come from Karnataka?

Answer 22

gold

Question 23

What evidence suggests the use of irrigation by Harappans?
a) Remains of advanced canal systems
b) Toy models of irrigation tools
c) The region’s lack of heavy rainfall, requiring water storage and supply
d) Written records of water management

Answer 23

c) The region’s lack of heavy rainfall, requiring water storage and supply

Question 24

What animals were reared by the Harappans?
a) Camels, horses, and elephants
b) Cattle, sheep, goats, and buffaloes
c) Wild animals like antelopes
d) Domestic birds and wild cats

Answer 24

b) Cattle, sheep, goats, and buffaloes

Question 25

What mode of transportation might the Harappans have used, as inferred from toy models and seals?

Answer 25

Wheeled carts and animal-drawn vehicles

Question 26

What made the city of Dholavira unique compared to other Harappan cities?
a) It was located in a desert region without any water sources.
b) It was divided into two parts, with a citadel and a lower town.
c) It was divided into three parts, each surrounded by massive stone walls.
d) It lacked gateways and public spaces for ceremonies.

Answer 26

c) It was divided into three parts, each surrounded by massive stone walls

Question 27

What was a unique feature of the Harappan script found at Dholavira?
a) It was written on large white stones, unlike seals typically used for writing.
b) It was carved onto wooden planks used for trade.
c) It was the first Harappan script found in a dockyard.
d) It included depictions of animals for the first time.

Answer 27

a) It was written on large white stones, unlike seals typically used for writing.

Question 27

Where was the city of Lothal located, and why was its location significant?
a) On the banks of the Indus River, for access to fertile farmland.
b) Beside a tributary of the Sabarmati, near sources of semi-precious stones.
c) Near the Arabian Sea, primarily for hunting and fishing activities.
d) On the Rann of Kutch, for growing cotton and sesame.

Answer 27

b) Beside a tributary of the Sabarmati, near sources of semi-precious stones.

Question 27

What evidence suggests that Lothal had a dockyard?

Answer 27

A large tank was found that was likely used for loading and unloading goods from boats and ships.

Question 28

What types of materials were commonly processed in Lothal workshops?
a) Gold and silver, primarily for coins and ornaments.
b) Stone, shell, and metal, used to make beads, tools, and ornaments.
c) Cotton and terracotta, used for making textiles and toys.
d) Wood and iron, used for creating furniture and weapons.

Answer 28

b) Stone, shell, and metal, used to make beads, tools, and ornaments.

Question 29

What was the purpose of seals and sealings in Harappan trade?

Answer 29

Seals were used to stamp bags of goods, while sealings ensured the goods remained untampered.

Question 30

Why can no single factor explain the end of all Harappan cities?
a) The reasons for the decline were uniform across all regions.
b) Events like floods or rivers drying up would only affect specific areas, not all cities.
c) Scholars unanimously agree that the decline was caused solely by invasions.
d) All cities continued to thrive, contradicting the idea of decline.

Answer 30

b) Events like floods or rivers drying up would only affect specific areas, not all citie

Question 31

What indicates that Lothal was an important center for bead-making?
a) A storehouse with large quantities of raw semi-precious stones was found.
b) A workshop containing stone pieces, half-made beads, tools, and finished beads was discovered.
c) Seals from Lothal depict workers engaged in bead-making activities.
d) Written records describe Lothal as a hub for jewelry manufacturing.

Answer 31

b) A workshop containing stone pieces, half-made beads, tools, and finished beads was discovered.

Question 32

What happened to Harappan settlements in Sind and west Punjab after the decline?
a) They were rebuilt into larger cities with improved facilities.
b) These sites were abandoned, and people moved to newer settlements in the east and south.
c) They became centers for trade and cultural exchange.
d) They were transformed into agricultural villages.

Answer 32

These sites were abandoned, and people moved to newer settlements in the east and south.

Question 33

Which of the following best describes the Harappan civilization after 3900 years ago?
a) It continued to thrive with advanced technology.
b) It shifted entirely to nomadic lifestyles.
c) It witnessed urban decline, leading to smaller settlements.
d) It was replaced by foreign invaders immediately.

Answer 33

c) It witnessed urban decline, leading to smaller settlements.

Question 34

 The emergence of
other citie

Answer 34

(about
2500 years ago)

Question 35

Beginning of cities

Answer 35

Beginning of cities
(about 4700 years ago)

Question 36

Where did the Harappans source copper from?

a) Present-day Karnataka and Gujarat
b) Present-day Rajasthan and Oman
c) Present-day Afghanistan and Iran
d) Present-day Sindh and Punjab

Answer 36

b) Present-day Rajasthan and Oman

Question 37

What was tin used for in Harappan times?

a) To make pottery.
b) To produce seals.
c) To mix with copper and produce bronze.
d) To create tools and weapons directly.

Answer 37

c) To mix with copper and produce bronze

Question 38

From where did the Harappans likely obtain tin?
From where did the Harappans likely obtain tin?
a) Present-day Rajasthan and Gujarat
b) Present-day Afghanistan and Iran
c) Present-day Karnataka and West Bengal
d) Present-day Sindh and Punjab

Answer 38

Present-day Afghanistan and Iran

Question 39

Which regions supplied precious stones to the Harappan civilization?
a) Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Karnataka.
b) Gujarat, Iran, and Afghanistan.
c) Rajasthan, Punjab, and Oman.
d) Sindh, West Bengal, and Karnataka.

Answer 39

b) Gujarat, Iran, and Afghanistan.

Question 40

The city of Dholavira was located on Khadir Beyt

Answer 40

Khadir Beyt