The domains of human development Flashcards
What are the 4 domains of human development?
-Physical
-Cognitive
-Personality
-Sociocultural
Personality domain includes
acquiring relatively stable and enduring personality traits, as well, as a sense of self as an individual.
involves changes in physical shape and size in addition to changes in brain structures, sensory capabilities, and motor skills.
Physical domain
, development includes the acquisition of skills in perceiving, thinking, reasoning, and problem solving, as well as the intricate development and use of language.
Cognitive domain
includes bothsocialization, which occurs as we are deliberately taught and trained by parents and others about how to fit in and function in society (with or without formal schooling), andenculturation, which occurs as we learn about our culture more or less on our own, by observing and absorbing rather than by being taught
sociocultural
What is classical conditioning?
A form of learning in which a naturally occurring reflex becomes associated with an environmental cue
ex. a dog was subjected to the experimental treatment a few times, it began to salivate even before it was fed,
What is operant conditioning?
Which describes how rewards and punishments exert an influence on our actions
What are the Six Principles that Define Lifespan Human Development
1) Development is lifelong
2)Development is multidimensional
3)Development is multidirectional and involves both losses and gains
4) Development is plastic
5) Development is context-dependent and historically and culturally embedded
6) The study of lifespan development is multidisciplinary
Why is development lifelong
Development begins at conception and ends at death. Throughout the entire lifespan, development continues
Development consists of interrelated systems, or domains. Among the most important of these to consider are physical development, cognitive development, and personality and sociocultural development.
.Development is multidimensional
How does development involve both losses and gains?
-language development, physical growth, and social development—may show increases while at the same time other domains may remain static, or show decrease
- development proceeds toward greater competence, effectiveness, and growth; but at other points losses occur,
- skills decline, and effectiveness in coping with the environment may diminish.
What does it mean by development is plastic?
- flexible and can take many paths depending on the particular circumstances within which individuals live their live
-lifespan is not set at conception, nor is it rigidly determined during childhood or at any other developmental period
-development depends in many important ways on the various opportunities and choices an individual experiences and makes throughout the entire lifespan.
- Human development unfolds differently depending on the sociocultural environment in which the individual lives, as well as on the specific and unique opportunities and challenges each individual faces.
Development is context dependent and historically and culturally embedded.
The study of lifespan development is multidisciplinary.
-not from considering a single point of view or field of study, but rather from considering a variety of perspectives, including psychology, anthropology, biology, genetics, and sociology.
