the Deteriorating Situation Flashcards
PIRA
Provisional IRA
IRA
Irish Republican Army
UVF
Ulster Volunteer Force
UDA
Ulster Defence Association
UFF
Ulster Freedom Fighters
When were concerns raised over the impact of marches on this tense situation?
As the July & August marching season approached
July 1969
violence breaks out in Belfast and Derry
Belfast July 1969
- houses were burnt by loyalists, which forced Nationalists to leave homes
- Seven people were killed
- 100 were wounded
Derry - August 1969
violence began after the Apprentice Boys parade on 12 August, which commemorates the Siege of Derry in 1689. The violence resulted in rioting and violence which is known as the “Battle of the Bogside”
Consequences of violence in Derry, August 1969 (Irish govt)
As a consequence, the Irish Taoiseach, Jack Lynch, moved Irish troops and tiled hospitals to Donegal/Derry border. Calm was restored in Derry, but broke out again in Beltast.
Belfast, August 1969
vIolence erupts in all areas of Belfast - it had become a war zone.
- seven people died and hundreds were wounded.
- Bombay street was burnt by loyalists and nationalists were left to live in refugee camps in church hall and community centres
Consequences violence Belfast august 1969
British army troops were sent to NI They were initially welcomed by
Nationalis
However, the IRA did re-emerge in Nationalist areas.
NI government responses to violence summer ‘69
worried about whether the security forces in NI could cope with the increasing violence and tension
British government responses to violence summer ‘69
- Concerned about NI
- Set up cabinet committee investigating NI violence
Irish government responses to violence summer ‘69
- concerned about safety of Catholic minority community
- sent intel officer to NI
Why was there an increase in loyalist paramilitary groups?
Loyalists were angry at what they saw as concessions to Nationalists
Why was there an increase in republican paramilitary groups?
Republicans were forming to protect the Catholic/Nationalist community
December 1969
IRA split OIRA and PIRA
Official IRA aims
- establish socialist Ireland
- Marxism
- 1974 split again INLA
May 1972
OIRA ceasefire
PIRA self nickname
Defender of Nationalist community
PIRA aims
- achieving civil rights
- defending Catholic population
- destroying Stormont gov.
- The creation of an Ireland free from British imperialism
I Ran Away
- Accusation IRA faced not defending Catholics during ‘69 violence
- 60 members 13 guns
Loyalist paramilitary aim
return to the days of Unionist domination