The Dental Team, Dental Specialities, and History Flashcards
Who used to do Dental work?
Physicians
Who was the first dentist? Where was he from? What was he called?
Hesi-Re (3000 BCE)
Egyptian
Chief of the Toothers and the Physicians
What was Hesi-re often called?
Chief of the Toothers and the Physicians
What was an example of an indication of periodontal disease in the Egyptians?
A radiograph of the skull of Thuya, mother-in-law of Pharaoh Amenhotep III, showed bone loss in her jaws.
What did Mayans do for dentistry?
gave teeth attention for religious reasons or for beauty
Who is the Father of Medicine?
Hippocrates
Who first wrote about tooth decay?
Hippocrates and Aristotle (Greeks)
What did the Romans do for restorative dentistry?
Restore decayed teeth with gold crowns
What did the Romans do for oral hygiene?
Tooth-cleaning powders made from eggshells, bones, and oyster shells mixed with honey
Cornelius Celsus
Wrote “De Medicina” this book contains the earliest record of orthodontic treatment
Greek
Claudius Galen
Considered to be the greatest physician after Hippocrates; the first author to mention the nerves of the teeth.
Greek
Who is considered to be the greatest physician after Hippocrates?
Claudius Galen
What was known as the primitive toothbrush? Who made it?
Siwak, Muslims
Who employed the first dental assistant?
C. Edmund Kells in 1885
What did Ambroise Pare do?
wrote extensively about dentistry, specifically extractions
Who first introduced amalgam? Who perfected it?
M. Taveau, amalgam as “silver paste”
G. V. Black perfected it
Who conducted the first scientific study of teeth?
John Hunter
Who used Nitrous Oxide for relief of Dental pain?
Horace Wells
What did Frederick McKay do for dentistry?
Discovered the correlation with fluoride and prevention of dental caries
When did the first hep. B vaccine become commercially available?
1982
When was HIV identified as the cause of AIDS?
1983
When were the first cases of AIDS reported?
1980
When was the ADHA founded?
1923
When was the ADAA founded?
1924
When was the DANB founded?
1948
What did Hippocrates say were the four main fluids to keep in balance if disrupted it would result in disease? What other elements?
blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm
along with heat, cold, dry air, and wet air
How did the Chinese treat decayed teeth in 2000 BC?
arsenic
What and when did the Chinese develop for fillings? How does that compare to the west?
silver amalgam paste
2nd Century AD
1000 years before the west
Who in China described the process of chewing and swallowing? When?
T’ing To-t’ung and Yu Shu
11th Century
The Oath of Hippocrates
-basis of the code of ethics for medical and dental professions
What was medicine based on during the fifth century BC in Greece?
worship practices of the priesthood
What is the Renissance?
15th and 16th century where science was separated from theology and superstition
What happened in the Renissance?
new interest arose in the study of anatomy and the human body
Artists used it to enhance their work
Ambroise Pare
started off as an apprentice to a barber surgeon
His writings describe dental extraction and reimplantation
Described a toothache
Father of modern surgery
What did Ambroise Pare start off as?
an apprentice to a barber surgeon
What did Ambroise Pare write about?
describe dental extraction and reimplantation
Described a toothache as “the most atrocious pain that can torment a man without being followed by death”
What is Ambroise Pare known as?
father of modern surgery
Pierre Fauchard
- Developed the title of ‘surgeon dentist’ and DDS
- Advanced in periodontal disease and scaling to prevent gum disease
- Wrote ‘Le Chirurgien Dentiste’ which contains all of dentistry, including removing caries and filling with lead/tin
Who developed the title of ‘surgeon dentist’ and DDS?
Pierre Fauchard
What significant advancement did Pierre Fauchard contribute to in dentistry?
Advanced in periodontal disease and scaling to prevent gum disease
What is the title of the book written by Pierre Fauchard? What did it cover?
‘Le Chirurgien Dentiste’
All of dentistry, including removing caries and filling with lead/tin
What is Pierre Fauchard known as?
The ‘Father of modern dentistry’
Robert Woofendale
one of the first dentists to travel throughout the American colonies
John Baker
- George Washington’s dentist
- Studied dentistry and originated from cork county
- practiced in colonial cities
Paul Revere
- Famous colonial patriot
- Silversmith
- Studied dentistry as an apprentice under Dr. Baker
- Credited with the start of forensic dentistry and performed the first ID of a corpse in dental
What is Paul Revere credited with in the field of dentistry?
The start of forensic dentistry and the first identification of a corpse in dental.
What did Horace H. Hayden and Chapin A Harris do?
established the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery
Dr. Green Vardiman Black
- Grand old man of dentistry
- extended margins of a filling for improved cleaning
- standardized rules of cavity prep and filling
What are G. V. Black’s 2 major advancements in dentistry?
- extended margins of a filling for improved cleaning
- standardized rules of cavity prep and filling
Willhelm Conrad Roentgen (RENT-ken)
a Bavarian (German) physicist who discovered x-rays in 1895
Horace Wells
Dentist credited with the discovery of inhalation anaesthesia (Nitrous Oxide) in 1844
Dr. Deborah Greenspan
Woman
Recognized for her research into dental issues related to HIV and AIDS
discovered and published the first paper on oral “hairy” leukoplakia
Dr. Faith Sai So Leong
- immigrated to the US at 13 and spoke no English
- First woman to graduate from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1904
Who was the first woman to graduate from a recognized dental college in the US?
Lucy B. Hobbs-Taylor
Who was the first woman to complete the full dental curriculum in a US dental school?
Henriette Hirschfeld
Who was the first female graduate of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery? What did she write?
Emilie Foeking
Thesis titled ‘Is woman adapted to the Dental Profession?’
Who was the first female dental assistant?
Malvina Cueria
Who founded the Women’s Dental Association of the US?
Mary Stillwell-Kuedsei
Who was the the US Army’s first female dentist?
Helen E. Meyers
Who was the first female president of the ADA
Geraldine T. Morrow
Who was the first African American dentist to get a DMD?
Robert Tanner Freeman
Who was the first African American woman to earn a DDS?
Ida Gray-Rollins
Who was the first indigenous American dentist in the US?
Dr. George Blue Spruce
Who was the first Indigenous American female dentist?
Jessica A. Rickbert
What did the Certifying Board of the ADAA (now the DANB) do for dental assisting education?
created 1-year and 2-year programs
Who was the first person to become a dental hygienist?
Irene Newman
Who set the standard for dental assisting textbooks? How?
Hazel O. Torres and Ann Ehrlich
Coauthored the first major textbook called “Modern Dental Assisting”
What did Alfred C. Fones do for dental hygiene?
Trained Irene Newman in dental hygiene
Established school for dental hygienists in 1913
What is the Dr. Samuel D. Harris National Museum of Dentistry?
largest and most comprehensive museum of dentistry in the world
Named after a dentist who was essential in the founding of the museum
What are the essential aspects of a dental assistant?
good health - rest, nutrition, and exercise
good grooming - no perfume/cologne
appropriate dress - clean, wrinkle free
What types of skills should a dental assistant have? Why is it important?
front desk - business
chair-side - clinical
important during absences
What should dental assistants teamwork, attitude, and dedication look like?
- willingness to help others when free
- avoid gossiping or critiquing others
- show appreciation for what other have done
- dedicated to dental assisting
- truly cares for people, is empathetic to their needs, and remains a positive attitude
What are some general rules for confidentiality for dental assistants?
- everything said or done in the office must remain confidential
- DAs have access to lots of personal and financial info of patients
- such info must remain confidential
What is HIPAA?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
Set of federal privacy laws that apply to all types of health care providers regarding how patient privacy is protect while health info is shared among healthcare providers
What is the educational requirements of a dental assistant? How long?
formal education through programs at:
- community colleges
- vocational schools
- career colleges
- technical institutes
- universities
- dental schools
require 11 months to complete
Who founded the ADAA?
Juliette A. Southard
Explain the membership system of the ADAA?
Tripartite
When joined, you join:
- State component
- Local component
- National Organization
What is the Dental Assisting National Board (DANB)?
The recognized agency responsible for testing dental assistants and issuing the certified dental assistant (CDA) certification
How do you become a dentist?
- In the US, must graduate from a dental university approved by the Commission on Dental Accreditation of the ADA
- After graduation, must successfully pass the NBDE and a state-specific clinical exam
- After graduation, they are awarded with the DDS or DMD depending on school
How many specialties does the ADA recognize?
nine
Name all nine ADA-recognized specialties.
- Dental Public Health
- Endodontic
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Oral Pathology
- Orthodontics
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Periodontics
- Prosthodontics
What is dental public health?
- involves development of policies at county, state, and national levels for programs to control and prevent disease
- includes dental screening in a community to assess needs
- focused on community, rather than the individual
What is endodontics?
- Involves the causes, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease and injuries to the pulp and associated structures
- root canals
What is Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology?
- uses new digital imaging techniques to locate tumors and infectious diseases of the jaws, head, and neck and assist in the diagnosis of patients with trauma and TMJ disorders
- first new dental specialty in 36 years when granted in 1999
What is Oral & Maxillofacial Sugery?
- involves the diagnosis and surgical treatment of diseases, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial regions
- consists of more than tooth extractions
What is Oral Pathology?
- involves examination of the nature of diseases that affect the oral cavity
- perform biopsies
- work closely with oral surgeons
Who do oral pathologists work closely with? Why?
work closely with oral surgeons to provide a diagnosis
What is orthodontics?
- Involves the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of malocclusions of the teeth and associated structures
- more than just braces
What is Pediatric Dentistry?
- involves oral healthcare of children from birth to adolescence
- often treats children with emotional or behavioural problems
What is periodontics?
- involves the diagnosis and treatment of the oral tissues that support and surround the teeth
What is prosthodontics?
- Involves the restoration and replacement of natural teeth with artificial constructs, such as crowns, bridges, and dentures
Explain the rules for dental hygienists in anesthesia.
Regulations vary state-to-state
In many states dental hygienists are allowed to administer local anaesthesia
How do you become a Registered Dental Hygienist (RDH)?
Education:
- 2 academic years of college study
- Associate’s degree at a ADA-accredited dental hygiene program
Exams:
- Must pass both written national or regional board exams
- Must pass clinical state exams to be licensed in state
What can a educationally qualified dental assistant do?
many activities that do not require the professional skill and judgement of a dentist
How do you become a dental assistant?
- Not all states require formal education
- Require a 1 academic year, conducted by a post-high school educational institution
- Curriculum must include didactic, laboratory, and clinical content
What is a sterilization agent? What do they do?
- Responsible for sterilization procedures in the office
- Efficiently and safely processes all instruments
- Manages biohazardous waste
- Responsible for selecting infection control products
- Performs quality assurance procedures
What is a Dental Laboratory Technician?
- make crowns, bridges, and dentures from impressions taken at the dental office
- usually do not work at the office
How do you become a Dental Laboratory Technician?
- In most states, formal education is not needed
- to become a certified dental technician (CDT) they must past a written exam
