The Compendium of Life's Activities Flashcards
Animals acquire much needed nutrients through ________ of food.
Ingestion
composed of complex molecules such as starches, fats and proteins which need to be broken down to simplest form before the body can assimilate them.
Food
The process of breaking down food
Digestion
Digestion involves the action of certain enzymes including _______ and ________.
-amylase
-pepsin
enzyme that acts the food that enters the oral cavity.
Salivary enzymes
Food that enters the oral cavity is converted into a _________.
Semi-solid mass
the semi-solid mass then swallowed and find its way into the __________.
Stomach
it is where the terminal digestion and absorption of the extracted nutrients happens.
Small intestine
A part of the digestive system that is responsible for breaking down large food materials into smaller particles.
Mouth
it is broken down or ‘hydrolysed’ by salivary amylase
Polysaccharides
A chemical that is used to stimulate salivation.
Paraffin
the enzyme solution in the demonstration of polysaccharide in the mouth
Filtered saliva
A positive test result is observed with colors ______/_________/_________.
blue, purple, black color
color indicates the higher concentration of starch.
Darker
color that indicates negative result
Yellow
a chemical reagent which is made up of a complex mixture of sodium citrate, sodium carbonate, and the pentahydrate of copper(II) sulfate.
Benedict’s reagent
it is in the gastric juice that deteriorates the food
hydrochloric acid
-is a powerful enzyme produced in the stomach that aids in the digestion of proteins.
-secreted by the stomach’s chief cells in an inactive form known as pepsinogen, is responsible for mediating protein digestion in the stomach chamber.
pepsin
Benedict’s color is blue but, if simple carbohydrates (reducing sugars) are present, in will change color _______/ ________, __________.
-green/yellow
-red
if the amount is low the color is
green or yellow
if the amount is high the color will change into
Red
secreted by the stomach
Gastric digestive juices
the main acid in the stomach juices
Hydrochloric acid
act of grouping fats into small clusters to increase their surface area in the small intestine.
Emulsification of fats
an enzyme from the pancreas, then carries out the actual digestion of the fats.
Lipase
a sac-like structure which also functions for the temporary storage of prior food to its movement to the small intestine.
Stomach
secretes bile that is stored in the gall bladder prior to its release in the duodenum.
Liver
Secretion of bile contains salts which reduce large fat globules into small droplets in a process known as
emulsification
Where does the digestion of fats occur?
Small intestine
the digestion of fats that occurs in the small intestine has the aid of __________.
pancreatic lipase
Results in the breaking down of fats
formation of fatty acids and glycerol
the building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat.
fatty acid
attracts water into the gut, softening stools and relieving constipation.
Glycerol
