the coming of the terror june - september 1793

Question 1

what happens to the moderate faction

Answer 1

• After the expulsion of the guardians the moderate faction in the national convention collapse opening the way for the jacobins and robespierre to dominate government

Question 2

how does robespierre dominate government

Answer 2

• Done through the activities of the CPS which robespierre joined in July
• If ⅔ of the CPS voted in favour of an order it had to be carried out by the provision executive council, this effectively curbed their power
• CPS also supervised other special commits and the representant en missions
  Members were supposed to change once a month
• but from september a clique of dominant member had emerged
• robespierre , saint just, and carnot
• CPS weekly reports to the convention had become no more than a rubber stamping exercise for its decisions
• the convention readily allocated a generous fund for a special mission which gave the committee independence
• CPS governed france unchallenged between september 1793 and july 1794

Question 3

The influence of the sans culottes

Answer 3

• to remove the voice of the girondins the jacobins sold themselves to the sans culottes
• Robespierre was not comfortable with this but knew that to maintain his political ascendancy he needed the support of the paris and the radical commune
• Grain shortage and unemployment meant there was constant rioting in the capital
• Agitation grew worse after 13 july when Marat was murdered by girondin Corday
• Sans culottes demands for all suspects be arrested and for action posed a real threat to the authority of the CPS and convention

Question 4

san culottes marched on the convention

Answer 4

• 5 september
• san culottes again marched on the convention demanding lower bread prices, higher wages and an attack on those who were oppressing the people
• The convention had no choice but to promise action against grain hoarders and counter revolutionaries
• Allows Varenne and D’Herbois to join the CPS

Question 5

sans culotte revolutionary army

Answer 5

• 9 september
• the convention established sans culotte revolutionary army
• force farmers to surrender grain and attack hoarders

Question 6

law of suspect

Answer 6

• 17 september
• Supplemented the law which created the revolutionary tribunal
• provide a new definition of a suspect
• could be arrested because of their conduct, relationship or writing

Question 7

decree of the levee en masses

Answer 7

• 23rd august 1793
• universal conscription of all married men between the 18 and 25
• represented the total mobilisation of the population

Question 8

impact of the levee on masses

Answer 8

• raised an army of 1 million men
• largest army in europe
• formation of revolutionary armies