The Cognitive Assumptions

Question 1

Name the three cognitive assumptions

Answer 1

Internal mental processes, schemas, the computer analogy

Question 2

Name the four cognitive processes

Answer 2

Perception, attention, memory, language

Question 3

Psychological example for internal mental processes

Answer 3

Visual illusions

Question 4

Name a visual illusion and the artist

Answer 4

‘The Young Woman Old Woman Ambiguous Figure’ by William Ely Hill

Question 5

What are schemas?

Answer 5

Mental structures: organised packtets of information, shorcuts to information that represent an aspect of the world

Question 6

Psychological example for schemas

Answer 6

Allport and Postman (1947)

Question 7

Where are schemas stored and how are they created?

Answer 7

Stored in our long-term memory, built up through experience

Question 8

Explain the Allport and Postman study for schemas

Answer 8

Group of white participants then repeated with group of black participants, argument between well-dressed black man and poorly dressed white man with a razor, participants tell each other the story through serial reproduction

Question 9

What did the Allport and Postman study show?

Answer 9

Our schemas are influenced by our cultural stereotypes and what we expect of our schemas distorts our memory

Question 10

Psychological examples for the computer analogy

Answer 10

The multi-store model of memory