The cognitive approach

Question 1

What are the key assumptions of the cognitive approach

Answer 1

• behaviour is the result of internal mental processes
• Internall mental processes can and should be studied scientifically e.g lab exp
• Internal mental processes such as memory and perception cant be observed and so are studied indirectly by making inferences on behaviour

Question 2

Computer models

Answer 2

computer models are contructed to model human cognitive processes

input data –> processes info package –> document

encoding of sensory information –> information manipulation –> output e.g. behaviour

Question 3

Theoretical models

Answer 3

A scientific process explanation and are characterised by a series of steps, usually illustrated by a diagram e.g. Multi store model

Question 4

The role of schemas

Answer 4

A schema is a cognitive framework that helps organise and interpret information

Packages of knowledge developed through experiences

Question 5

The emergence of Cognitive neuroscience

Answer 5

an academic field that studies the influence of brain structures on mental processes. The emergence of cognitive neuroscience occurred due to advances in brain imaging techniques such as fMRI and PET scans, which allow scientists to study the neurobiological basis of mental processes like memory.

Question 6

A strength of cognitive approach is it supports psychology as a science

Answer 6

employs highly controlled and empirical methods to enable researchers to make inferences. Has involved the use of lab experiments to produce reliable, objective data. Also emergence of cognitive neuroscience allows two fields of cognition and biology to come together

Question 7

A strength of cognitive approach is its successful application to many areas of psychology

Answer 7

has expanded our understanding of psychopathology by offering explanations for behaviours like depression, suggesting its underpinned by faulty thought proesses. Led to successful CBT. Also aided development of cognitive interview for imporving eyewitness testimony

Question 8

A limitation of cognitive approach is its accused of having an oversimplistic view of behaviour

Answer 8

unlike humans, computers dont forget, make mistakes or ignore available information.

Researchers also cant rely on algorithms creating moods or feelings e.g. computers dont get stressed therefore a complete replication of human behaviour is unlikely