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Carbohydrates > The citric acid cycle > Flashcards

The citric acid cycle Flashcards

1
Q

where does the citric acid cycle occur?

A

The Mitochondrial matrix

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2
Q

what is required for pyruvate to enter the citric acid cycle?

A

Oxygen

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3
Q

what enzyme takes pyruvate to Acetyl coA?

A

pyruvate dehydrogenase

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4
Q

what are the three stages in the reaction of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

A
  • decarboxylation
  • oxidation
  • transfer of CoA complex
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5
Q

how many enzyme sub-units are there in pyruvate dehydrogenase?

A

3 (E1, E2, E3)

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6
Q

what is the action of E1?

A

catalyses the first decarboxylation of pyruvate

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7
Q

what is the action E2?

A

transfers the acetyl group to coenzyme A

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8
Q

what is the action of E3?

A

recycles the lipoyllysine through reduction of FAD

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9
Q

how many C enters the citric acid cycle? And how many are removed?

A

2 enter and a different 2 are removed

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10
Q

what regulates pyruvate dehydrogenase?

A

the intermediate products and end point of cellular respiration

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11
Q

what positively regulates the citric acid cycle?

A

ADP

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12
Q

what is impact does a build up of citrate cause?

A

Glycolysis is halted

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13
Q

what is depleted during exercise when the cells require ATP?

A

oxaloacetate

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14
Q

what triggers pyruvate carboxylase?

A

acetyl CoA

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15
Q

what 2 molecules are combined to for citrate?

A

oxaloacetate and acetyl coA

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16
Q

the addition of H2O to the cycle causes what to be released?

A

coenzymeA

17
Q

in the second reaction of the citric acid cycle what is citrate converted to?

A

Isocitrate

18
Q

what reaction is a-ketogluterate synthesised a?

A

reaction three

19
Q

NAD is converted to what when the a-ketogluterate is decarboxylised?

A

NADH

20
Q

what stage is FADH2 synthesised?

A

At reaction 6 when FAD takes the hydrogens from succrate

21
Q

how many molecules of NADH are produced?

A

3

22
Q

how many molecules of FAD are reduced to FADH2?

A

1

23
Q

How many molecules of ATP are produced?

A

1

Carbohydrates (6 decks)

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