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B3 > The circulatory system > Flashcards

The circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

what is the yellow liquid in blood?

A

plasma

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2
Q

what do white blood cells do?

A

prevent disease

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3
Q

what helps us clot the blood is we cut ourselves?

A

platelets

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4
Q

where are platelets found?

A

in the blood

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5
Q

name the 3 ways blood is carried around the body?

A

artery
vein
cappilary

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6
Q

why is a red blood cell red?

A

because it comes from a chemical called

haemoglobin

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7
Q

what does oxygen do to haemoglobin?

A

it combines which allows it to be transported around the body

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8
Q

why dont red blood cells have a nucleus?

A

so it can leave more room for oxygen

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9
Q

describe what a red blood cell looks like

A

they are disc shaped and have a dent on both sides to help them absorb a lot of oxygen

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10
Q

describe the size of a red blood cell?

A

it is very small so they can carry oxygen to all parts of the body

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11
Q

what does liquid plasma do?

A

it transports water and dissolved substances such as food, hormones, antibodies and waste products around the body

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12
Q

what do arteries do?

A

transport blood away from the heart

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13
Q

what do veins do?

A

transport blood to the heart

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14
Q

what do capillaries do?

A

join arteries to veins and carry blood through tissue

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15
Q

what happens when haemoglobin combines with oxygen in the lungs?

A

it forms oxyhaemoglobin

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16
Q

explain what happens after oxyhaemoglobin is made?

A

when it reaches the tissue it separates into haemoglobin and oxygen. The oxygen diffuses into the tissue cells and the red blood cells return to the lungs to pick up more oxygen

17
Q

describe the adaptation of an artery?

A

thick muscular and elastic wall to help withstand high blood pressure as it leaves the heart

18
Q

describe the adaptation of a vein?

A

large lumen to help blood flow at low pressure. Valves stop blood from flowing the wrong way

19
Q

explain the adaptation of a calillary?

A

thin, permeable wall to allow exchange of material with body tissue

20
Q

describe the two sides to the heart?

A

the right side pumps blood to the lungs

The left side pumps blood to the rest of the body

21
Q

what are the 4 parts to the heart called?

A

chambers

22
Q

what are the top two called?

A

latria receives blood from veins

23
Q

what are the bottom two called?

A

ventricles pump blood into arteries

24
Q

what do humans have connected to arteries, veins and capillaries?

A

a double circulatory system

25
Q

what do the 2 circulatory systems do?

A

one circuit links the heart and lungs

the other links the heart and the body

26
Q

what is the advantage of having 2 pumps in the body?

A

blood going tot he body can be pumped at a much higher pressure than blood going to the lungs. This provides a greater rate of flow to all the body tissue

B3 (8 decks)

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