molecules of life

Question 1

name the 4 animal cell parts

Answer 1

cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
chromosomes

Question 2

what does the cell membrane do?

Answer 2

controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 3

what happens in the cytoplasm?

Answer 3

where chemical reactions happen

Question 4

what does the nucleus do?

Answer 4

carries genetic information

Question 5

what do chromosomes do?

Answer 5

genetic informations is carried by chromosomes

Question 6

what is DNA?

Answer 6

DNA is a molecule found tightly coiled inside the nucleus. It forms structures called chromosomes

Question 7

what is a section of a chromosome called?

Answer 7

a gene

Question 8

where is cell respiration carried out?

Answer 8

inside mitochondria

Question 9

what happens during respiration?

Answer 9

energy is released from glucose in the presence of oxygen

Question 10

describe a mitochondria cell?

Answer 10

they are very small. They cannot be seen using a school microscope

Question 11

why does the liver and muscle cells have large numbers of mitochondria?

Answer 11

because they need large amounts of energy to carry out their functions

Question 12

what are chromosomes?

Answer 12

long molecules of DNA dividing up into regions called genes

Question 13

describe a DNA molecule

Answer 13

DNA molecules have two strands coiled to a double helix. The double helix has cross links made of chemicals called bases. There are 4 different bases, each cross link contains two bases which are known as base pairs

Question 14

name a cell that has lots of structures inside them that cannot be seen using a light microscope?

Answer 14

Ribosomes

Question 15

where are ribosome’s found?

Answer 15

in the cytoplasm

Question 16

when are ribosome’s used?

Answer 16

in the cell when proteins are made

Question 17

what do the genes in your body make up?

Answer 17

your genetic code

Question 18

what does your genetic code do?

Answer 18

controls the activities of your cells

Question 19

what is DNA a code for?

Answer 19

making proteins

Question 20

what would happen without DNA?

Answer 20

you could not make the proteins needed for growth and repair for cells

Question 21

each gene in DNA has a different sequence of bases

Answer 21

r

Question 22

the sequence of bases code for a particular protein

Answer 22

r

Question 23

explain what happens when your body codes for a protein?

Answer 23

your body has a code for every protein it needs to make. The different codes give the proteins different shapes. To make the protein a copy of the gene is made as the gene cannot leave the nucleus. The copy leaves the nucleus so that the protein can be made on the ribosomes within the cytoplasm

Question 24

what are the letters for the 4 bases?

Answer 24

A T C and G

Question 25

what letters link with each other?

Answer 25

A and T

C and G

Question 26

what is the order of bases found in DNA called?

Answer 26

the base code

Question 27

what do 3 bases code for?

Answer 27

amino acids

Question 28

how does the body make proteins?

Answer 28

the DNA code must be copied this is called transcription

Question 29

what is the copied code called?

Answer 29

messanger RNA (mRNA)

Question 30

what is the path of the mRNA?

Answer 30

the mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosomes

Question 31

what happens at the ribosomes?

Answer 31

the code is used to put the amino acids together in the right order and form the protein

Question 32

what is this called?

Answer 32

translation