The Chemistry of the Environment

Question 1

it harbors about every single living thing and almost all human activity

Answer 1

troposphere 0-11 km

Question 2

the lowest part of the Earth’s atmosphere

Answer 2

troposphere 0-11 km

Question 3

most of the weather and clouds are found

Answer 3

troposphere 0-11 km

Question 4

temperature and water vapor decreases as the altitude increases

Answer 4

troposphere 0-11 km

Question 5

temperature increases as the altitude increases

Answer 5

stratosphere 11-50 km

Question 6

where ozone layer is found, O3 molecules absorbs UV light from the sun

Answer 6

stratosphere 11-50 km

Question 7

temperature decreases

Answer 7

mesosphere 50-90 km

Question 8

coldest temperature -90 degrees celsius

Answer 8

mesosphere 50-90 km

Question 9

thin air

Answer 9

thermosphere 90-500 km

Question 10

full of electricity charged ions

Answer 10

thermosphere 90-500 km

Question 11

x-rays and UV rays are absorbed

Answer 11

thermosphere 90-500 km

Question 12

outermost layer of the atmosphere

Answer 12

exosphere 10k km above the surface

Question 13

the process of converting nitrogen into biologically available nitrogen

Answer 13

nitrogen fixation

Question 14

absorption of nitrates and ammonium from the soil by the plants

Answer 14

assimilation

Question 15

it is the process that converts ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate

Answer 15

nitrification

Question 16

process that converts nitrate to nitrogen gas

Answer 16

denitrification

Question 17

removing bioavailable nitrogen and returning it to the atmosphere

Answer 17

denitrification

Question 18

process when an organism excretes waste, N in its tissues is organic nitrogen

Answer 18

ammonification

Question 19

fungi and prokaryotes then decomposes the tissue and release inorganic nitrogen back into the ecosystem as ammonia

Answer 19

ammonification

Question 20

process where animals and plants use up oxygen when they breathe

Answer 20

respiration

Question 21

process when plants and animals die, they decompose

Answer 21

decomposing

Question 22

process of oxidation reaction of materials

Answer 22

corrosion

Question 23

process of reaction of oxygen and fuel, and heat is produced

Answer 23

combustion

Question 24

it is a chemical reaction initiated by the absorption of energy in the form of light

Answer 24

photochemical reaction

Question 25

it is a chemical reaction that degrades compounds by bombarding with photons

Answer 25

photodissociation

Question 26

it is a molecule in the upper atmosphere absorbs solar radiation forming a cation

Answer 26

photoionization

Question 27

process of keeping the Earth warm

Answer 27

greenhouse effect

Question 28

the Earth cools down by giving off a different form of energy called

Answer 28

infrared radiation

Question 29

it is any gaseous compound in the atmosphere that is capable of absorbing infrared radiation; trapping heat in the atmosphere

Answer 29

greenhouse gases

Question 30

what are the most significant greenhouse gases

Answer 30

water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide

Question 31

a deep layer in the Earth’s atmosphere that contain ozone

Answer 31

ozone layer

Question 32

it is the lower region of stratosphere containing relatively higher concentration of ozone

Answer 32

ozonosphere

Question 33

a general name for a number phenomena: acid rain, acid fog, and acid mist

Answer 33

acid deposition