The Chemistry Of New Substances Flashcards
Example of a single displacement reaction
Thermite: Aluminium + iron oxide –> Aluminium oxide + iron
Example of synthesis reaction
(1) Corrosion: metal + oxygen–> metal oxide iron + oxygen–> iron oxide (rust)
Examples of polymers
Water bottle, plastic bags, PVC pipe, nylon, cellulose, starch
Any reaction in which a more complex chemical compound is broken down into simpler chemicals (elements and/or compounds). AB–> A + B
Decomposition reaction
Total mass of reactants = total mass of the products
Law of conservation of mass
Copper extracted from chalcopyrite. Aluminium extracted from bauxite. Iron extracted from haematite
Examples of decomposition reactions
Any reaction in which two or more simpler chemicals (elements or compounds) react to form a more complex chemical compound A + B–> AB
Synthesis reaction
A reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound. A + BC–> B + AC
Single displacement (substitution) reactions
A substance that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction.
Product
A substance that is consumed in the course of a chemical reaction
Reactant
A large molecule made up of repeating units (monomers)
Polymer
A reaction in which two compounds react to form two new compounds. AB + CD–> AD + CB
Double displacement (substitution) reactions
Precipitation reaction: A specific type double displacement reaction in which soluble substances react to produce an insoluble product. (Lead iodide) lead nitrate (aq) + potassium iodide (aq) –> lead iodide (s) + potassium nitrate (aq)
Example of a double displacement reaction
Process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances into a new set of substances. OR the process when atoms or a particle rearrange to produce different particles
Chemical reaction
A reaction that occurs at room temperature and does not require any energy to get it started
Spontaneous reaction
