The Central Nervous System

Question 1

What 3 things does the brain consist of

Answer 1

brain, brainstem and cerebellum

Question 2

What are the spinal cord divisions

Answer 2

cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral

Question 3

How is memory divided

Answer 3

short term and long term

Question 4

What 3 things alter memory

Answer 4

disease, drugs and sleep abnormalities

Question 5

What is neuronal biology similar to and composed of?

Answer 5

• group of interacting computers

- composed of select group of neurons that are responsible for certain functions

Question 6

What does ganglia or nucleus refer to?

Answer 6

a group of neurons that have a specific funtion

Question 7

What is an example of ganglia or nucleus?

Answer 7

processing auditory signals

Question 8

What are synapses?

Answer 8

connections between neurons

Question 9

How are synapses characterized?

Answer 9

by presynaptic and postsynaptic sites

Question 10

How do chemicals get from the presynaptic site to the postsynaptic site?

Answer 10

chemicals from the presynaptic site cross the synaptic cleft to reach the postsynaptic site

Question 11

What do the electrical signals do?

Answer 11

help neurons receive information, process it and transmit to other cells

Question 12

Who do electrical signals cause?

Answer 12

The release of chemicals at the synapses

Question 13

What are the 2 types of extensions from neurons?

Answer 13

dendrites and axons

Question 14

What are dendrites?

Answer 14

neuronal extensions that receive electrical signals and transmit them to the neuron

Question 15

What are axons?

Answer 15

neuronal extensions that transmit electrical signals to other neurons or muscle cells

Question 16

In axons, at the synapse, what does the electrical signal cause?

Answer 16

a release of neurochemicals

Question 17

What are the 3 categories of neurons?

Answer 17

sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons

Question 18

Sensory Neurons

Answer 18

transmit external information such as sound, touch, smell and etc

Question 19

Interneurons

Answer 19

exchanging information between neurons

Question 20

Motor neurons

Answer 20

send signals to the effector cells and skeletal muscle

Question 21

What is neuronal communication dependent on?

Answer 21

various electrical signals

Question 22

What are the 4 major electrical signals that neuronal communication is dependent on?

Answer 22

Resting Potential
Action potential
inhibitory
excitatory potentials

Question 23

Short-term memory

Answer 23

the ability to store information in seconds or minutes after passing

Question 24

Example of short-term memory

Answer 24

memorizing a phone number to dial then forget

Question 25

Long-term memory

Answer 25

information that is retained for months or years

Question 26

Where is long-term memory stored

Answer 26

frontal cortex

Question 27

What is the brain formed by?

Answer 27

lobes that work together to process intelligence, previous experiences, memory, feeling and emotions

Question 28

What 4 lobes are in the brain?

Answer 28

Frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal

Question 29

What is the frontal lobe involved in?

Answer 29

“higher functions”, recognizing future consequences resulting from current actions

Question 30

What does the frontal lobe override and suppress?

Answer 30

unacceptable social responses

Question 31

What does the frontal lobe determine?

Answer 31

similarities and differences between things or events

Question 32

What does the parietal lobe play an important role in?

Answer 32

integrating sensory information from various parts of the body

Question 33

What does the parietal lobe handle?

Answer 33

knowledge of number and their relations

manipulation of objects

Question 34

What is in the occipital lobe?

Answer 34

the primary visual cortex

Question 35

Why is the occipital lobe the primary visual cortex?

Answer 35

the visual signals from your retina re ultimately processed by this lobe

Question 36

What is transferred in the occipital lobe?

Answer 36

occipital data is transferred to the parietal lobe

Question 37

What does the occipital lobe have connections with?

Answer 37

the motor sensors in the brain

Question 38

What is the temporal lobe involved in?

Answer 38

auditory perception

Question 39

What is processed in the temporal lobe?

Answer 39

tunes