Respiration and Ventilation Flashcards

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1
Q

Respiration

A

refers to the metabolic systems that require oxygen to make ATP

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2
Q

Ventilation

A

refers to the contraction of the diaphragm and chest muscles to move air in and out of the lungs

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3
Q

What do brainstem neurons control

A

the diaphragm and other muscles involved in ventilation

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4
Q

What is the respiratory system responsible for

A

bringing air which has oxygen into the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide from the body

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5
Q

What is the anatomy of the respiratory system

A

designed to generate positive and negative intrathoracic pressure to allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood

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6
Q

Where does asthma occur

A

when the bronchial tubes become inflamed and constricted

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7
Q

Asthma

A

smooth muscle contracts the bronchial walls and mucus cells are activated resulting in a decrease in air reaching the alveoli

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8
Q

What is the order for the path of air containing oxygen

A

1 to 8

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9
Q

What is the order for the path of air containing carbon dioxide

A

8 to 1

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10
Q

Order of the path (1 to 8)

A
  1. Nose and mouth
  2. Pharynx
  3. Larynx
  4. Trachea
  5. Bronchi
  6. Bronchioles
  7. Alveoli
  8. Capillaries surrounding the alveoli
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11
Q

What is the Pharynx

A

area where the respiratory and digestive system is connected

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12
Q

How does food get from the mouth to the gut

A

when we swallow, the food goes from the mouth to the pharynx and the esophagus

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13
Q

What is the larynx

A

the opening to the pulmonary system

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14
Q

Where does gas exchange occur

A

between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries

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15
Q

Where is the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

A

at the end of the terminal bronchioles

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16
Q

What is the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

A

the site for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

17
Q

What does the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm allow for

A

the entry and exit of air by producing positive and negative pressure in the lungs

18
Q

What is the name of the Diaphragm’s 3 opening and what are their names

A

Aorta, esophagus, inferior vena cava