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General Biology > The Cell Theory and Microscopes > Flashcards

The Cell Theory and Microscopes Flashcards

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1
Q

Who named the cell and what did he observe?

A

Robert Hooke, cell walls of cork tissue

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2
Q

When was the cell named?

A

1665

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3
Q

What term did Robert Hooke coin?

A

Cellulae

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4
Q

Who created the first microscope?

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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5
Q

What and when did Leeuwenhoek base his observation of unicellular organisms on?

A

Protozoa (1673), Bacteria (1683)

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6
Q

What term did Leeuwenhoek coin?

A

Animalcule

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7
Q

What is the “Brownian motion”?

A

Pollen grains in water that jiggled around

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8
Q

Who discovered the nucleus?

A

Robert Brown

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9
Q

When and who proposed that cells are the fundamental units of plants?

A

1838, Matthias Schleiden

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10
Q

When and who proposed that cells are the fundamental units of animals?

A

1839, Theodor Schwann

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11
Q

Who were the credited founders of The Cell Theory?

A

Schleiden and Schwann

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12
Q

Who stated “omnis cellula a cellula” and what does it mean?

A

Rudolph Virchow, all cells arise from pre-existing cells

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13
Q

What is The Cell Theory?

A
  • All organisms are made of cells.
  • Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.
  • All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
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14
Q

What are viruses?

A

Viruses are not composed of cells but consist of a nucleic acid in a protein coat, yet it conducts all the cell processes (although with help).

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15
Q

What is the main use of a microscope?

A

To produce an enlarged image of an object.

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16
Q

What type of microscope is used when specimen is mounted on glass?

A

Compound Light Microscope

17
Q

What microscope is used to study live specimen?

A

Compound Light Microscope

18
Q

What microscope provides 3D imaging?

A

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

19
Q

When using SEM, what type of coating is used to spray the surface?

A

Fine metal coating

20
Q

Are the specimens sliced for viewing in SEM?

A

No

21
Q

How does a SEM produce an enlarged image?

A

SEM uses electron beam and fluorescent screen or photographic plates.

22
Q

What is the maximum magnification of SEMs?

A

100,000x magnification

23
Q

How does a TEM produce an enlarged image?

A

TEM uses a beam of electrons on a very thinly sliced specimen placed on a fluorescent screen or photographic plate.

24
Q

What is the maximum magnification of TEMs?

A

200,000x magnification

25
Q

What type of microscopes cannot be used to view live specimens?

A

Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscope

26
Q

ATP

A

Adenosine triphosphate

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