The Cell: Parts and its Function prt. III

Question 1

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Plasma membrane

Separates cell from external environment; controls passage of organic molecules, ions, water, oxygen, and wastes into and out of the cell

Answer 1

1. yes
2. yes
3. yes

Question 2

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Cytoplasm

Provides structure to cell; site of many metabolic reactions; medium in which organelles are found

Answer 2

1. yes
2. yes
3. yes

Question 3

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Nucleoid

Location of DNA

Answer 3

1. yes
2. no
3. no

Question 4

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Nucleus

Cell organelle that houses DNA and directs synthesis of ribosomes and proteins

Answer 4

1. no
2. yes
3. yes

Question 5

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Ribosomes

Protein synthesis

Answer 5

1. yes
2. yes
3. yes

Question 6

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Mitochondria

ATP production/cellular respiration

Answer 6

1. no
2. yes
3. yes

Question 7

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Peroxisomes

Oxidizes and breaks down fatty acids and amino acids, and detoxifies poisons

Answer 7

1. no
2. yes
3. yes

Question 8

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Vesicles and vacuoles

Storage and transport; digestive function in plant cells

Answer 8

1. no
2. yes
3. yes

Question 9

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Centrosome

Unspecified role in cell division in animal cells; organizing center of microtubules in animal cells

Answer 9

1. no
2. yes
3. no

Question 10

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Lysosomes

Digestion of macromolecules; recycling of worn-out organelles

Answer 10

1. no
2. yes
3. no

Question 11

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Cell wall

Protection, structural support and maintenance of cell shape

Answer 11

1. Yes, primarily peptidoglycan in bacteria but not Archaea
2. No
3. Yes, primarily cellulose

Question 12

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Chloroplasts

Photosynthesis

Answer 12

1. no
2. no
3. yes

Question 13

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Endoplasmic reticulum

Modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids

Answer 13

1. no
2. yes
3. yes

Question 14

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Cytoskeleton

Maintains cell’s shape, secures organelles in specific positions, allows cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enables unicellular organisms to move independently

Answer 14

1. yes
2. yes
3. yes

Question 15

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Flagella

Cellular locomotion

Answer 15

1. some
2. some
3. No, except for some plant sperm.

Question 16

are they present in
1. prokaryotes
2. animal cells
3. plant cells

Cilia

Cellular locomotion, movement of particles along extracellular surface of plasma membrane, and filtration

Answer 16

1. no
2. some
3. no

Question 17

evolved with modified structures is also called

Answer 17

evolution

Question 18

created with the appropriate structures is also called

Answer 18

creationism

Question 19

typical examples of complex chemical phenomena that occur around and within us constantly

Answer 19

Photosynthesis
respiration
protein synthesis

Question 20

true or false

As organisms felt the pressure of natural selection and attempted to colonize new territories, the need for advancements in both structure and function were necessary

Answer 20

true

Question 21

true or false

They evolved with modified structures (evolution) or were created with the appropriate structures (creationism) to fit the environment

Answer 21

true