The Cell Cycle And Its Control Flashcards
What are some reasons affecting proliferation?
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What is the result of premature, aberrant mitosis?
Cell death
What are the nucleus of tumours like/
Aneuploid - abnormal chromosome number and content
What is the cell cycle?
Orderly sequence of events in which a cell duplicates its contents
and divides in two.
What is the regulated progression through the cell cycle
M-phase: mitosis - nuclear division - cell division (cytokinesis) Interphase: duplication -DNA -organelles -protein synthesis
What is the most vulnerable period of the cell cycle and why>
Mitosis - most vulnerable period of cell cycle:
- Cells are more easily killed (irradiation, heat shock, chemicals)
- DNA damage can not be repaired
- Gene transcription silenced
- Metabolism?
What is the order of the eukaryotic cell cycle
M phase - mitosis Interphase: - G0 - cell cycle machinery dismantled - G1 - decision point - S - synthesis of DNA/protein - G2 phase - decision point
What happens during the S phase?
Replication for division
DNA replication
Protein synthesis: initiation of translation and elongation increased; capacity is also increased
Replication of organelles (centrosomes, mitochondria, Golgi, etc)
in case of mitochondria, needs to coordinate with replication of mitochondrial DNA
What is the centrosome
Consists of two centrioles (barrels of nine triplet microtubules)
What are the functions of the centrosome
Microtubule organising center
Mitotic spindle
What are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis
What happens in prophase?
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