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Bio > The Cell > Flashcards

The Cell Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell theory

A
  • all living organisms are made up of cells
  • cells—basic unit of structure+function of living things
  • living cells are made from other living cells
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2
Q

Mitochondrion

A
  • plant +animal
  • inner membrane—cristae—folds
  • cellular respiration
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3
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

Openings which connect the cytoplasm to neighbouring cells

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4
Q

Golgi body

A
  • double membrane
  • packs and secretes enzymes
  • dicytosome (aka)
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5
Q

Cell wall

A

Plant cell only
Shape + strength
Prevents bursting
Substances to pass freely

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6
Q

Vacuole

A 
Membrane - tonoplast
Contains cell sap + water
Provides turgidity to plants
Regulates water content 
Give colour to fruit + flowers
Stores minerals
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7
Q

Clhoroplast

A

Plastid

Contains green pigment

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8
Q

Chromoplasts

A

Red,orange,yellow——> colour to some fruit and veg

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9
Q

Leucoplasts

A

Colourless

Store starch

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10
Q

Cytosol

A

Plant and animal cell
Site of chemical reactions
Transports minerals,dissolved nutrients and gasses by diffusion
Fluid where oragnelles are found

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11
Q

Cell membrane

A

Plasma membrane / plasmalemma
2 layers of phospholipd molecules + protein molecules inbetween
Each phospholipid has-water attracting head and water repelling tail

Controls movement in and out of cells
Microvilli-increase SA max absorption
Selective permeable membrane

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12
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains DNA and RNA
Nucleolus contains RNA
Controls protein synthesis

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13
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

Contains free nucleotides

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14
Q

Nucleir membrane

A

Surrounds nucleur material

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15
Q

Nuclear pore

A

Allows connection with cytoplasm

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16
Q

Nucleolus

A

Stores RNA

Has no membrane

17
Q

Ribosomes

A

Site of protein synthesis

Small granules found in cytosol of cells

18
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum (rough)

A

Transport of large molecules in cytosol

Rough —ribsomes

19
Q

Chromatin material

A

Consists of chromosomes which make up DNA

Genetic material of cell

20
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth)

A

Transport of large molecules within cytosol

21
Q

Diffrences between plant + animal cell

A 
Shape -regular🌿-irregular-🐶
Cell wall-present-🌿-absent-🐶
Vacuoles-large-🌿-small/absent-🐶
Microvilli-absent-🌿-present-🐶
Plastids-present-🌿-absent-🐶
Centrosome-absent-🌿-present-🐶

Bio (6 decks)

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