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Bio > Mitosis > Flashcards

Mitosis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mitosis

A

Process whereby one cell makes up 2 identical cells with same gentic makeup as original cell

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2
Q

Cytoplasmic cleavage

A

Furrow forms at eqautor of cell —deepens to divide cytoplasm in two —each new cell has its own nucleus

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3
Q

Interphase

A

Longest phase in cell cycle
Growth
DNA replication occurs just before prophase

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4
Q

Prophase

A

Chromatin network now forms visable chromasomes
Spindle fibres form
Nuclear membrane disappears
Nucleolus disappears

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5
Q

Metaphase

A

Chromosomes form at equator of cell
Chromosomes attach to spindle fibres at centromere
Centrioles are on opposite poles

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6
Q

Anaphase

A

Centromere holding identical chromatids split

Spindle fibres pull the daughter chromosomes to opposite poles

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7
Q

Telophase

A

Identical chromosomes reach the poles to now form chromatin network
Nuclear membrane forms around chromatin material

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8
Q

Importance of mitosis

A

New cells formed for growth
Replacement and repair of damaged cells
New cell formed is identical to original cell
Simple unicelluar organisms to reproduce asexually

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9
Q

Cancer

A

Cell division by mitosis becomes uncontrolled

Tumour forms

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10
Q

Benign tumour

A

Cells trapped in a capsule

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11
Q

Malignant tumour

A

Cells have moved to other parts of the body

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12
Q

Carcinogens

A

Substances which cause cancer

Smoking —alcohol—asbestos—chromate—nickel

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13
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Chemicals injected via IV
Chemicals kill cancerous cells
Non-cancerous cells are destroyed aswell—hair loss + nausea

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14
Q

Radiation

A

X-rays zap the tumour —this kills cancerous cells

Side effects — tiredness + loss of appetite

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15
Q

Surgery

A

Involes removing cancerous cells

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16
Q

Preventatives of cancer

A 
Dont smoke
Don’t drink alcohol (excessive)
Avoid exposure to radiation
Avoid obesity
Eat foods high in fibre
Eat cabbage + broccoli
Eat foods high in Vit A and C

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