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History > The Catholic Threat > Flashcards

The Catholic Threat Flashcards

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1
Q

What/when were the four main Catholic plots against Elizabeth?

A
  • Ridolfi Plot (1571)
  • Throckmorton Plot (1583)
  • Jesuits (1580s)
  • Babington Plot (1586)
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2
Q

What were the events of the Ridolfi Plot? (1571)

A
  • Ridolfi (an Italian banker) planned for Spain to invade England
  • Mary QoS would marry the Duke of Norfolk and overthrow Elizabeth
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3
Q

What were the events of the Throckmorton Plot? (1583)

A
  • Throckmorton carried letters between French ambassadors and Mary QoS
  • Planned to start an uprising in the north simultaneously to a French invasion
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4
Q

What were the events of the Babington Plot?

A
  • Planned to kill Elizabeth and replace her with Mary
  • Walsingham’s spies intercepted a letter from Mary QoS agreeing to the plot
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5
Q

What were the two consequences of the Throckmorton Plot?

A
  • Evidence discovered after searching Throckmorton’s house
  • Was unknown if Mary was aware of it or not
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6
Q

What were the three consequences of the Ridolfi Plot?

A
  • Phillip II refused to invade before Elizabeth was overthrown
  • Ridolfi and Norfolk were executed
  • Mary Queen of Scots put under closer guard
  • Elizabeth implemented harsher policies against Catholics
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7
Q

What were the two consequences of the Babington Plot?

A
  • Mary was executed
  • This angered Spain enough to send the Spanish Armada
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8
Q

What were Jesuits?

A
  • Catholic missionaries who tried to persuade English people to convert
  • Were smuggled into the country and hid in people’s houses (‘priest holes)
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9
Q

What were the two consequences of the influx of Jesuits into England during the 1580s?

A
  • Increased recusants
  • Increased opposition to Elizabeth
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10
Q

What were recusants?

A

Catholics who refused to attend Church to protest Elizabeth’s religious settlement

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11
Q

Why did all Catholic plots fail?

4 reasons

A
  • Walsingham’s spy network
  • Elizabeth’s policies
  • Punishments
  • Lack of foreign support
  • Lack of a good alternative
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12
Q

Why did Elizabeth’s policies prevent Catholic plots from succeeding?

3 things

A
  • Treason Act (1571) meant anyone who opposed Elizabeth as Governor or encouraged Catholicism would be punished by death
  • In 1585 becoming a priest was punished by death
  • In 1593 large gatherings of Catholics was illegal and they couldn’t travel more than 5 miles from their homes
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13
Q

Why was Elizabeth reluctant to execute Mary Queen of Scots?

Three reasons

A
  • Divine Right of Kings (fellow Queen)
  • Reaction from Catholics in England
  • Foreign invasion (Spanish Armada)
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14
Q

When was Mary Queen of Scots executed?

A

1587 (one year after the Babington Plot)

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15
Q

Why did punishments prevent Catholic plots from succeeding?

A
  • The punishments for treason was being hanged, drawn, and quartered
  • These were often public, so everyone knew the consequences of opposing Elizabeth
  • She even executed Mary Queen of Scots
  • So people were too scared to rebel
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16
Q

Why did Walsingham’s spy network prevent Catholic plots from succeeding?

A
  • All plots were discovered quickly by Walsingham
  • Spy networks of thousands of people informed to him
  • Interrogation (tortured on the rack)
  • Intercepted letters (Babington Plot)
17
Q

Why did the lack of a good alternative prevent Catholic plots from succeeding?

A
  • Even people who were unhappy with Elizabeth, she seemed the best option
  • Catholics were reluctant to have a foreign ruler like Philip or Mary Queen of Scots
  • Few wanted to return to her sister Mary’s rule (burning Protestants)
18
Q

Why did the lack of foreign support prevent Catholic plots from succeeding?

A
  • France and Spain were reluctant to invade England
  • The Pope tried to incite rebellion by excommunicating Elizabeth in 1570
19
Q

What/when was the Treason Act?

A
  • 1571
  • Anyone who denied Elizabeth’s supremacy could be punished by death
20
Q

What policy did Elizabeth implement in 1581?

A

Recusants paid £20 fine
Conversion to Catholicism considered treason

21
Q

What policy did Elizabeth implement in 1585?

A

Becoming a priest considered treason

22
Q

What policy did Elizabeth implement in 1593?

A

Large gatherings of Catholics illegal
Catholics couldn’t travel more than 5 miles from their homes

23
Q

What was the trend with Elizabeth’s policies against Catholics over time?

A

Became increasingly anti-Catholic

History (18 decks)

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