The case of the Mopey Meerkats Flashcards
What are meerkats?
Small mammal belonging to the mongoose family. Native to Southern Africa where they live in mobs of about 20. Omnivorous, eating insects, reptiles, scorpions and spiders, plants, eggs, birds, and small mammals.
Pale mucous membranes can mean anaemia?
True
Bleeding into the body cavities is more commonly associated with disorders of coagulation?
True
ACT is a good test to measure platelet function?
False
Prothrombin will be prolonged in situations where?
Coagulation is impaired
What does the combination of pale mucous membranes and elevated heart rates make you think?
Blood loss
What is melaena? Possible reason?
Bleeding into the bowel lumen resulting in bloody stool
What could explain the dyspnoea?
Bleeding into the pleural cavity and the airways
The Activated Coagulation Time (ACT) is more sensitive than the APTT for assessing intrinsic pathway coagulation systems. True or False?
False
In the ACT, siliceous earth is used as the contact activator of the intrinsic coagulation system? True or false?
True
Which of the following factors has the shortest halflife in plasma? Factor V (5), Factor VII (7), Factor IX (9), or Factor X (10)
Factor VII (7)
What is another name for thrombin?
Factor II
What is another name for thrombin?
Factor II
Vitamin K deficiency will result in impairment of the intrinsic and common pathway but not the extrinsic pathway. True or false?
False
Early in the time course of warfarin poisoning, coagulation defects are most likely to be detected with?
Prothrombin time
Prothrombin time is a measure of levels of which of the following clotting factors? Factor II (2) (thrombin), Factor V (5), Factor VII (7), Factor XII (Hagemann Factor)
Factor VII (7)
Warfarin is an irreversible inhibitor of vitamin K reductase. True or false?
False
Warfarin is an irreversible inhibitor of vitamin K reductase. True or false?
False
An agent with a higher LD50 is more toxic to the affected species. True or false
False
Bromadiolone is a comarin derivative. T or F
True
Second generation rodenticides have a longer halflife than first generation rodenticides. T or F
True
Administration of Vitamin K will increase PIVKA levels within 8-12 hours. T or F
False
Vitamin K is synthesized in the liver of most mammals. T or F
False
Vitamin K is synthesized in the liver of most mammals. T or F
False
Second generation rodenticides
More likely to cause secondary rodenticide poisoning because of their longer half life
More likely to kill with a single dose because of their greater potency
They are synthetic derivatives of coumarin
Which test is likely to be most useful in detecting early cases of rodenticide poisoning with coumarin derivatives?
Prothrombin time (PT)
Which test is likely to be most useful in detecting early cases of rodenticide poisoning with coumarin derivatives?
Prothrombin time (PT)
How did the meerkats get to the rat bait if it was not in their enclosure?
They could have eaten a mouse- with a toxic dose in the tissues, such as the liver
What is Talon?
Second generation rodenticide, coumarin derivative.
What is the half life of Talon? How does that impact tx?
Oral vitamin K for at least four weeks, assess clotting time 2-3 days after cessation of vitamin K supplementation.
An increase in prothrombin time with a normal APTT suggests
Early rodenticide poisoning, Factor VII deficiency, The intrinsic pathway is unaffected
An increase in prothrombin time with a normal APTT suggests
Early rodenticide poisoning, Factor VII deficiency, The intrinsic pathway is unaffected
Where does vitamin K come from?
Synthesized by some bacteria in the gut and nutritional sources (plenty in dog and cat dry diets for example)
