the cardiovascular system

Question 1

name the compositions of blood

Answer 1

red blood cells
plasma
white blood cell
platelets

Question 2

red blood cells function

Answer 2

• carry oxygen by a protein called haemoglobin
• disc shaped giving them a large surface area
• one drop of blood contains millions of red blood cells

Question 3

plasma function

Answer 3

• transport system that carries the other components of blood
• carries carbon dioxide
• straw coloured liquid that is 90% water

Question 4

white blood cells function

Answer 4

• protect body by fighting infection
• identify, destroy and remove pathogens such as bacteria and viruses
• originate in bone marrow but stored in blood

Question 5

platelets

Answer 5

• prevent blood loss
• if you are cut, platelets will gather and stick together, plugging the site of injury, stopping blood loss

Question 6

functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 6

1. delivering oxygen and nutrients
2. removing waste products (carbon dioxide and lactate)
3. thermoregulation
4. fighting infection
5. clotting of blood

Question 7

1. delivering oxygen and nutrients

Answer 7

• the CV system delivers oxygen and nutrients to the tissues in the body
• during exercise, the demand for oxygen increases, blood will deliver this oxygen

Question 8

2. removing waste products (carbon dioxide and lactate)

Answer 8

• the CV system transports waste products to the kidneys and liver
• it returns carbon dioxide back to the lungs
• during exercise, carbon dioxide and lactate increases

Question 9

3. thermoregulation

Answer 9

• the CV system is responsible for heat distribution in your body
• it maintains your body temperature, ensuring you do not overheat
• CV system uses vasodilation and vasoconstriction to thermoregulate

Question 10

4. fighting infection

Answer 10

• white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and stored in the blood
• they inject pathogens and destroy them
• produce antibodies that destroys pathogens

Question 11

5. clotting of blood

Answer 11

• platelets in blood gather together at a cut and stick together
• this plugs the would, stopping bleeding

Question 12

thermoregulation vasoconstriction

Answer 12

• narrows diameter of the blood vessels near the skin
• reduces the blood flow resulting in an increase in temperature as heat loss is prevented

Question 13

thermoregulation vasodilation

Answer 13

• widens diameter of the blood vessels near the skin
• increases the blood flow resulting in a decrease in temperature as heat is carried to skins surface

Question 14

nervous control of the cardiac cycle

Answer 14

1. sinoatrial node (SAN)
2. atrioventricular node (AVN)
3. bundle of his
4. bundle branches
5. purkinji fibres