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French Revolution > The Calling Of The Estates General > Flashcards

The Calling Of The Estates General Flashcards

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1
Q

Date of the Hail storm

A

13th July 1788

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2
Q

What was unique about the winter of 1788-89

A

It was the longest and coldest winter for the people’s living memory

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3
Q

What did Calonne do regarding trade that fucked things up in the future

A

He removed grain control which meant there were no surpluses of grain after 1787

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4
Q

After the hail storm what happened to grain prices

A

They peaked in Paris on 14th July 1789, a price that hadn’t been matched since Louis XIV’s reign

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5
Q

In normal times how much of wages did bread take up compared to after the storm

A

In normal times they absorbed anything between a third and a half of an urban worker’s wage
Doing 1789 this rose to two thirds for THE BEST OFF and as bad as 9/10 for the worst

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6
Q

What else to high bread prices impact

A

No money left to spare for consumer goods

Industry slumped

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7
Q

How much did production fall by and where in particular

A

In some areas production fell by up to 50% and there were widespread redundancies in textile towns like Rouen, Lyons and Nimes

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8
Q

How many people unemployed in Lyons 1789

A

Between 20,000-30,000 silk workers unemployed

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9
Q

Who did people blame for unemployment and poverty and hunger

A

Blamed technology for undercutting tradition BUT ALSO BLAMED CALONNE AND THE KING BY ASSOCIATION

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10
Q

Why did the people blame Calonne

A

1786 commercial treaty with Great Britain allowing Britain access to French markets

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11
Q

Would the 1786 commercial treaty actually make a difference

A

It didn’t do all the damage as attributed it wouldn’t have had time, but it made things worse and all that matters is that the French people believed it did all the damage

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12
Q

So the 2 bad things Calonne did

A

Free trade on grain 1787 no surpluses to aid starvation or lower price

1786 commercial treaty with Great Britain

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13
Q

Bcos of grain and unemployment and natural disaster how’d France feel

A

Everyone affected and monarchy failed majority

Changes seem as only way for improvement

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14
Q

What months did the first assembly of notables happen

A

February - May 1787

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15
Q

How many people in A of N

A

144

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16
Q

Was A of N what Calonne and King thought they’d be

A

No they thought they’d agree to everything but they didn’t they were super preachy n enlightened

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17
Q

What did the A of N have problems with

A

Clergy hostile to plans 2 tax church (c=brienne)
A not convinced situation was bad enough to warrant such dramatic change
Calonne rebelled compte rendu error and this made ass hate Calonne and see him a blame shifter

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18
Q

What did Calonne do after Assembly of Notables questioned him

A

Calonne got triggered and swept away legitimate criticisms and published articles accusing the Notables of allowing self-interest to stand in the way of change which was untrue and made things worse

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19
Q

Notables influenced by enlightenment and open to change and new fairer taxation system but they didn’t like Calonne

A

Saw him as an example of ‘ministerial despotism’

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20
Q

Did Louis want to support Calonne

A

Yes and he did for a bit until MA made him fire him in April 1787

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21
Q

When was Calonne dismisses d

A

April 1787

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22
Q

Who was Calonne replace with

A

Brienne

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23
Q

Brienne plans overshadowed by

A

Desperate need for money

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24
Q

Assembly became too used to what

A

Challenging the Kings representative

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25
Q

Notables wanted what two things

A

No taxation without representation

An estates general

26
Q

Without assembly to endorse tax changes who did Brienne turn to

A

Parlaments

27
Q

What did B ask of Paris P and what did they say

A

Asked them to register proposals for a land tax and higher stamp duties
Said they weren’t competent to endorse changes

28
Q

After Paris P refused to endorse changes cos of enlightenment stuff what did provincial parlenents do

A

Copied them

29
Q

Paris parliament and provincials believed in

A

Asserting it’s right to ‘speak for THE NATION’ and protect acitizens fundamental rights against despotism

30
Q

What did Brienne do that made the people more fiercely conscious and angry abt despotism

A

Tried to use a lit de justice for his tax proposals

31
Q

After lit de justice Brienne and his tax proposals what happens next

A

Paris P refused to accept and in July 1787 petitioned the King for an Estates- General

32
Q

Where did ordinary Parisians gather in support of estates general

A

Palais-Royale

33
Q

Palais-Royale home of

A

Cousin of Louis
Duc d’orlèans
Who spoke out vociferously against Louis at assembly of notables

34
Q

People at Palau’s Royale led to Louis doing what

A

Bring despotic and proving people right
He banished the Paris Parlement to Troyes
Caused rioting on streets

35
Q

Faced with what Louis let Paris P return when

A

September 1787

Financial probs more rioting

36
Q

In November Louis held a royal session what happened

A

Duc d’orleans came and was so critical that Louis exiled him by lettres de cachet
And two other members imprisonmend for speaking out

37
Q

With troops surrounding royal session what else did L do

A

Forced thru laws approving loans with lit de justice

38
Q

In return for parlement agreement for Vingtieme,

A

Louis agreed to estates general by 1792

39
Q

In May 1788 Paris Parlement did what

A

Issued the ‘Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom’

40
Q

Paris P said what about the ‘Fundamental Laws of the Kingsom’

A

Could not be changed even by royal demand

Consent of an estates G needed for changes Louis wanted

41
Q

How did Louis respond to ‘Fundamental Laws of the Kingsom’

A

Arrested Parlement members

42
Q

On advice of Lamoignon after Assembly’s Fundamental Laws of the Kingsom Louis did what

A

Drew up plans to remove Parlement power with may edicts

43
Q

May edicts 4 main points

A

New plenary of nobles, officers and magistrates appointee BY KING would take responsibility for the registration of laws
New ?? (Look at textbook) to remonstrate
Parelemtns legal work transferred to lower courts
Number of judges in Paris P reduced

44
Q

How were may edicts pushed thru with

A

Lit de justice

45
Q

Lit de justice for may Edicts provoked

A

All night protest session in Oaris P needed soldiers to break it up

46
Q

Pamphlets against Brienne and Maoignon stressing

A

The general will

The rule of law

47
Q

In June 1788

Brienne asked for what from the clergy and how did the clergy respond

A

An enlarged Don Gratuit

Clergy offered them a quarter of what they asked for

48
Q

June 1788 what weird protest happened I

A

Day of tiles

49
Q

When was France declared bankrupt

A

August 1788

50
Q

Brienne resigned and who came back

A

Necker

51
Q

When did Necker return

A

June 1788

52
Q

Estates General decided to vote by head or Oder

A

Order

53
Q

Estatales general voting by order based off

A

The last estates general which was in 1614

54
Q

Who chose voting by order

A

The Paris parelemt

55
Q

Paris Parlement mistake

A

Choosing to vote by order

56
Q

Paris P choosing voting by order made people

A

See them as defenders or regime

57
Q

What did the Kinf and Necker decide about the third estate BUT THEN DO NOTHIFN ABOUT

A

They decided in December 1788 that the third estate should have double representation but did not pronounce on voting procedures which meant this amounted to nothing

58
Q

What happened with Mirabeau just before estates general

A

Mirabeau believed alliance between King and 3rd estate was only way to resist privilege and presence royal authority
He approached Kings Minister of Foreign affaires, Montmorin with suggestion but bcos he previously criticised Necker, Montmorin refused to see him

59
Q

What happened with third estate leading up to EG

A

Politicisation

60
Q

How was the third estate politicised before EG

A

Society of thirty : made pamphlets about 3rd E fight for their rights
Abbé Sieyès ‘what is the third estate?’ Pamphlet which said it was ‘everything’ and that they alone represented the country
Poor economic situation . By spring 1789 Paris workers spending up to 88% wages on bread
Cahiers se doleances

61
Q

Year of estates general

A

1789

62
Q

In April during election of Parisian deputies what paranoid thing happened

A

There was rioting when rumours spread that the wallpaper manufacturer Reveillon was considering cutting wage rates
His factory was attacked and after 2 days of disturbances troops had to be called In

French Revolution (14 decks)

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