The Bridge Flashcards

1
Q

Narrative

A

Elements of a flexi-narrative and enigmas
Various disruptions over the course of the series maintain suspense and interest
Audience is in a privileged spectator position where they know more than the characters do
Binary oppositions such as good and evil drive the narrative and how they are resolved
Typical plot situations of the crime genre eg discovery of body
As this is the first episode some narratives will carry over into the rest of the series, setting up enigmas eg who killed Helle Anker

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2
Q

Stock characters

A

Usually involves hierarchy with a boss, detective, sidekick etc
Other characters eg criminal and victim
Often the pairing of characters are binary opposites which contributes to tensions in narrative eg Saga and Hanne

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3
Q

Setting and location

A

Settings typical of genre such such as police station
Iconic settings specific to show such as the bridge between Sweden and Denmark

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4
Q

Todorov- Narratology

A

Equilibrium- Martin in jail, Saga focused on work, Pettersen and Lillian are married
Disruption- Discovery of Helle Anker’s body, enigma codes established as there is an attempt to find the killer
Series of interweaving story arcs are established
No resolution yet, instead there is a cliffhanger with an explosion and Hanne is injured and introduction of Henrik as Saga’s partner
Audience if placed in priveledged spectator position

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5
Q

Film noir conventions

A

Dark, pessimistic tone and mood
Chiaroscuro lighting and shadows establishes enigmas codes and bleak, melancholic aesthetic
Flawed anti-hero with a dark past
Themes of corruption, greed etc
Complex narrative
Moral decline and ambiguity
Iconography eg rain, trench coats

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6
Q

Steve Neale- Genre theory

A

Example of nordic noir sub-genre demonstrating that genres overlap and borrow
Demonstrates typical elements of crime drama genre but also demonstrates differences illustrating dynamic nature of genre

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7
Q

Codes of clothing

A

Saga’s version of the same outfit and colour scheme contribute to the enigma surrounding her character and behaviour
Clothing worn by other detective is informal and functional, does not denote hierarchy unlike UK police force

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8
Q

Gesture and expression

A

Frequently uses close up shots of characters to show facial expressions of anxiety and seriousness, reflecting dark themes of Nordic noir
Saga’s passive expression rarely changes, contributing to enigma surrounding her character

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9
Q

Iconography and setting

A

Settings establish realism and nordic noir sub-genre
Vast Nordic landscape creates sense of isolation and alienation
Iconic image of Oresund bridge regularly featured
Settings create sense of entrapment such as corridors and dimly lit areas eg warehouse crime scene

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10
Q

Technical codes

A

Close ups advance relationships and establihs tensions, one shows Saga’s side profile and establishes enigmatic character
Tracking shots introduce Saga and Hanne, constructed as powerful women with a job to do, involes auience as part of investigative process by follwoing them
Establishing shots such as that of the bridge represent change in setting
Film noir technique of shooting through windows, as if audience is looking in on scene
Post-production editing creates desaturated colour palette contributing to dark, melancholic feel

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11
Q

Audio codes (music)

A

Haunting track used in credit sequence foreshadows slow pace and creates expectation of programmes
Tense music has intertextual references to horror genre building expectations of macabre tone

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12
Q

Audio codes (diegetic sound)

A

Clicking of crime scene investigator’s cameras establishes generic realism
Sound of cans at Morten’s cabin is unsettling, is action code for explosion that follows and is then juxtaposed with silence

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13
Q

Audio codes (dialogue)

A

Conventional dialogue related to police force and investigation
Saga’s clipped and forced dialogue contributes to character

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14
Q

How is a feminist discourse constructed

A

Women are not matginalised; they are central to narrative
Not sexualised
Not portrayed in domestic role
Challenges/ subverts typical social norms related to gender behaviour

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15
Q

Representation of women/ femininity (Saga)

A

Saga breaks away from typical representations as a ‘flawed’ detective of film noir
Some of Saga’s representations are more masculine, suggesting this is how she survives a patriarchal society eg masculine stance and walk connoting power
She is neurodivergent and struggles socially, therefore representing another under/mis-represented group positively
Passive facial expression and very literal dialogue adds to this representation, could be perceived as insensitive

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16
Q

Representation of women/ femininity (Hanne)

A

Strong female character
Positive representation of older women as respected and experienced
Not objectified, wears functional clothing, grey hair and serious expression
Exemplifies cultural differences of Denmark and Sweden with her more prejudiced views

17
Q

Representation of women/ femininity (Lise Friis Anderson)

A

Powerful, middle class
Wife of rich businessman
Displays right wing views through her blog
Teaches daughter to react with violence when bullied

18
Q

Representation of men/masculinity (Hans)

A

In a hierarchically powerful position but does not do this in an oppressive way
Understanding and supportive of those that works with him, more stereotypically feminine traits
Equal relationship with partner Lillian
Positive representation of age

19
Q

Representation of men/masculinity (Henrik)

A

Flawed, vulnerable character with issues
Cooks and cleans, appears to nurutre his children, stereotypically feminine roles

20
Q

bell hooks- Intersectionality

A

Representation of women largely challenges concept of ‘the ideology of domination’, reflecting changing ideologies and engaging in feminist discourse
Saga and Hanne challenge norm of women in police force as does Lillian who is Danish Police Commissioner in Copenhagen
Helle Anker offers positive representation as an LGBT spokesperson and accepting of lesbian marriage
Men constructed as less dominant
Patriarchal domination is reflected in murder of Helle Anker, a woman with liberal views auggesting that when patriarchy is challenged women are targeted

21
Q

Van Zoonen- Feminist theory

A

Saga’s character reflects changes in society regarding gender, reinforcing that meaning of gender varies according to cultural context
Women are constructed as active, not passive and they drive the narrative
When Saga undresses she is not objectified, the gaze between Hanne and John is one of bewilderment

22
Q

Judith Butler- Gender performativity

A

Helle Anker’s narrative regarding gender identity, a discourse is opened up debating gender
Saga subverts accepted social norms regarding gender behaviour through her constructed idtity of costume, facial expression and gesture

23
Q

What channel is The Bridge broadcasted on in the UK

A

BBC Four

24
Q

BBC Four remit

A

To reflect a range of UK and international arts, music and culture
Offer international and foreign language features
Foreign language output should be regularly subtitled to allow people from around the world to be heard

25
Q

Broadcasters in Denmark and Sweden

A

SVT in Sweden
DR in Denmark

26
Q

Distributor

A

ZDF Enterprises
Distributed to 150 countries worldwide

27
Q

Marketing strategies

A

BBC Four branding in UK connoting recognition of quality
Saga at forefront of marketing promoting troubled anti-hero, in amongst team of detectives connoting sense of community
Iconic image of Oresund Bridge used frequently

28
Q

Economic context

A

International co-production between Filmlance International, an independent Swedish production company and Danish company Nimbus Film
So both Swedish and Danish crew members employed, also increases budget and production values
Season 3 received grant from Copenhagen Film Fund, reulted in more Danish crew members being employed
1 million euro grant from Creative Europe MEDIA maintained high production values

29
Q

Hesmondhalgh- Cultural Industries

A

As a PSB, BBC is not under same financial pressure as commercial boradcasters
Vertical integration of being a co-production minimises risk
Formatting via Nordic noir sub-genre which also minimises risk, genre is evident in marketing
Enables audeinece to know what to expect and hence maximises them
Crime drama conventions also create familiarity and maximise audience

30
Q

Uses and Gratifications

A

Escapism and diversion through different setting and culture
Audience gain pleasure from trying to solve crime with investigators

31
Q

Effect of different demographic factors on audience

A

eg Nationality
Constructs idea of cultural differences between Denmark and Sweden
Audiences may feel that The Bridge reaffirms these differences and may even be unfair cultural stereotyping

32
Q

Effect of cultural capital on audience

A

An understanding of film noir and crime drama conventions will enchance viewing experience
More likely to have a positive response

33
Q

Effect of gender on audience

A

Women may be empowered by the construction of positive female representations

34
Q

Stuart Hall- Reception theory

A

Preferred reading- Entertained by programme, complex narrative and intertextual narratives called film noir
Feminist reading- Empowered by strong representation of women and narrative addressing gender issues
Negotiated reading- Enjoy crime drama conventions and enigmas but may feel uncomfortable with sepcific focus of narrative such as emphasis on cultural differences (Swedish and Danish audiences)
Oppsitional reading- May struggle to sympathise with Saga, conservative audience may respond negatively to Swedish liberal attitudes

35
Q

Social and cultural context

A

Refelcts changing attitudes towards gender and specifically around gender identity and LGBT issues
Representation of women is reflective of changing gender roles in society
Binary oppositions of Sweden and Denmark highlights how issues may be treated differently in different cultures
May affect audience responses

36
Q

Historical context

A

Demonstrates that genre conventions are historically relevant and dynamic