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Social Studies 5th Grade > The Branches of Government & The Constitution > Flashcards

The Branches of Government & The Constitution Flashcards

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1
Q

What branch of government interprets the nation’s laws and settles disputes?

A

Judicial Branch

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2
Q

What branch of government creates and approves of the nation’s laws?

A

Legislative Branch

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3
Q

What branch of government carries out the laws of the nation?

A

Executive Branch

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4
Q

What is the Legislative Branch also called?

A

Congress

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5
Q

How is Congress formed?

A

Congress is divided into two parts. The Senate and the House of Representatives.

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6
Q

What does Congress do?

A

1 - They write the bills.
2 - They have power in foreign affairs.
3 - They can collect taxes and create a system of currency.

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7
Q

What are foreign affairs?

A

It’s the business that the US has with other nations.

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8
Q

What is a bill?

A

A bill is a document that is waiting for approval before it can be made into law.

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9
Q

What is a law?

A

A law is an official document stating a rule the nation needs to follow.

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10
Q

What happens if the President signs the bill?

A

The bill becomes a law.

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11
Q

What happens if the President doesn’t sign the bill?

A

Congress can override the president’s decision by voting for the bill’s approval by a two third’s majority vote.

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12
Q

What is the Senate made of?

A

The Senate is made of two representatives from each state.

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13
Q

What is the President’s Cabinet?

A

It’s a group of people that works directly with the president for key jobs (defense, national intelligence, education, housing, etc.)

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14
Q

Who needs to approve the President’s cabinet?

A

The Senate

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15
Q

What other things does the Senate approve?

A

US Ambassadors and federal judges.

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16
Q

How is the number of representatives per state in the House of Representatives decided?

A

It is decided by the number of citizens in each state. The states with higher populations will get more representatives in the House.

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17
Q

What is “to impeach”?

A

To impeach is to charge a government official with a crime or misconduct.

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18
Q

Who can impeach?

A

The House of Representatives

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19
Q

Who is the Head of the Executive Branch?

A

The President of the United States of

20
Q

What did the Continental Congress decide?

A

They decided they wanted a system of checks and balances.

21
Q

What is checks and balances?

A

The system under which each branch of government limits, or checks, the powers of the other branches.

22
Q

What can the President do regarding people who committed crimes against the nation?

A

He can PARDON them, or forgive from a punishment.

23
Q

Who heads the Judicial Branch?

A

The Supreme Court

24
Q

What does the Judicial Branch do?

A

It interprets the nation’s laws and upholds the meaning of the Constitution, as well as settles disputes between the states or territories.

25
Q

How many judges or justices are in the Supreme Court?

A

Nine judges

26
Q

What is the leader of the nine judges in the Supreme Court called?

A

The Chief Justice.

27
Q

Who appoints the Supreme Court Justices?

A

The President appoints them and they are approved by the Senate.

28
Q

How long does the job of Supreme Court Justice last?

A

It is a lifetime job. They serve until they choose to retire or are impeached or found guilty of breaking the law.

29
Q

What are the Articles of the Confederation?

A

They are the nation’s first set of laws.

30
Q

When were the Articles of the Confederation used?

A

During the Revolutionary War.

31
Q

What were the limitations of the Articles of the Confederation?

A

1 - It could not elect a president to rule over the states
2 - It could not tax the states to pay back debts to France and Spain
3 - It had no established court in order to settle disputes
4 - In order to pass any laws, the states had to vote 9 out of 13.

32
Q

When did the Constitutional Convention happen?

A

May 1787

33
Q

What was the Constitutional Convention?

A

It was a meeting to improve the Articles of Confederation.

34
Q

What did the Constitutional Convention end up doing?

A

They ended up creating a new document.

35
Q

Were all the states represented at the Constitutional Convention?

A

No, all states were there except for Rhode Island.

36
Q

What where some things decided at the Constitutional Convention?

A

1 - George Washington was elected President of the Continental Congress.
2 - James Madison designed the plan of government
3 - Benjamin Franklin kept the peace between argument
4 - Morris wrote the final draft of the Constitution.
5 - The delegates agreed to a federal system

37
Q

What is the Constitution?

A

It is a document that describes and outlines how the government should work.

38
Q

How many parts does the Constitution have?

A

Three main parts

39
Q

What are the three main parts of the Constitution?

A

Preamble, Articles and Bill of Rights.

40
Q

What is the Preamble?

A

It is the introduction to the Constitution. It explains the purpose and the major goals the document tries to achieve.

41
Q

What do the Articles do?

A

They outline the three branches of government as well as the powers and responsibilities that each branch must fulfill.

42
Q

What is the Bill of Rights?

A

The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments that have been added to the Constitution since its ratification, and any other amendments that have been added since.

43
Q

Why is the Constitution known as a “living document”?

A

Because it is able to be changed as needed to mirror the changes in history.

44
Q

When was the Constitution signed?

A

September 17, 1787

45
Q

When did states approve the Constitution?

A

One year later, 9 out of 13 states approved the Constitution.

Social Studies 5th Grade (5 decks)

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