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Teaching and Learning > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Descirbe the brainstem

A
  • Sensorimotor coordination
  • Includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla
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2
Q

Describe the reticular formation

A
  • Level of arousal
  • Sensory input & motor behavior
  • Posture & locamotion
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3
Q

Describe the cerebellum

A
  • Posture
  • Balance
  • Coordinating automatic movements
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4
Q

Describe the thalamus

A
  • Relay hub for sensory info (except smell)
  • Learning/memory
  • Cortical arousal
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5
Q

Describe the amygdala

A
  • Threat assessment center
  • Connects emotion to memory
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6
Q

Describe the hippocampus

A
  • Memory formation/retrieval
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7
Q

Describe the hypothalamus

A
  • Fight/flight/freeze
  • Homeostasis
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8
Q

Describe the basal ganglia

A
  • Includes the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, & sub thalamus
  • Initiation of voluntary movement
  • Memory formation & related skills, habits, & routinized behaviors
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9
Q

Describe the cerebral cortex

A
  • Right hemisphere: visual spatial formation & attention
  • Left hemisphere: language & skilled movement
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10
Q

Describe the occipital lobe

A
  • Visual processing neurons
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11
Q

Describe the temporal lobe

A
  • Auditory processing neurons
  • Object recognition
  • Long term memory
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12
Q

Describe the parietal lobe

A
  • Touch
  • Temperature
  • Proprioception
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13
Q

Describe the frontal lobe

A
  • Process
  • Plan for & respond to challenges (problem solving)/movement
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14
Q

Describe the prefrontal cortex

A
  • Coordinates every function of the brain
  • Highest order of processing
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15
Q

What are the 3 major functions of the cerebral cortex

A
  • Sensation: concrete experience
  • Integration: reflective observation & abstract conceptualization
  • Motion: active experimentation
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16
Q

what are the steps in memory formation

A
  • Sensory info
  • Encoding: working/short-term memory
  • Consolidation: storage, long-term memory
  • Retrieval: recall
17
Q

Moving info from short to long-term memory requires further processing of the data

A
  • Active manipulation
  • Reflection
18
Q

List some learning strategies

A
  • Rehearsal/elaboration
  • Recruiting multiple memory pathways: visual, auditory, kinesthetic
  • Emotion
  • Attention and arousal: changing your voice/volume, location, direct address
  • Context, relevance, personal meaning: facilitates buy-in
  • Linking to prior knowledge and experience
19
Q

What are the 2 types of learning

A
  • Declarative
  • Non-declarative
20
Q

Describe declarative memory

A
  • Explicit memory
  • Semantic: factual info, can speak or write about it, recall info not related to a specific event
  • Episodic: remember when & where we learned certain info, more complex form oof memory
  • Strategy: elaboration, elaborative rehearsal
21
Q

Describe non-declarative memory

A
  • Implicit memory
  • Procedural: skills & habits, basis for motor learning & how we teach movement, needs repetition & practice over long period, less likely to be forgotten
  • Emotional: associated with positive/negative arousal
  • Strategy: rehearsal, repetition
22
Q

Describe the relationship between aging and memory

A
  • Older adults need more time to process info
  • Short term memory may be limited
  • Use personally relevant activities & tie these activities to exercise
  • Minimize distractions
  • Utilize emotion to enhance learning
23
Q

List the strategies for enhancing memory formation

A
  • Rehearsal & elaboration
  • Creating context/linking info to prior knowledge
  • Recruiting multiple memory pathways
  • Active learning strategies
24
Q

Describe rehearsal & elaboration

A
  • Mnemonics
  • Group discussions/debriefing
  • Reciprocal teaching (patient to caregiver)
25
Q

Describe creating context/linking info to prior knowledge

A
  • Use concrete examples
  • Creating authentic real world experiences
  • Standardized patients/simulations
  • Assisting students/patients in seeing relevance in information
26
Q

Describe recruiting multiple memory pathways

A
  • Visual aids in addition to auditory information
  • Practicing steps with lab partners
  • Active reflection (how is the treatment with one patient different from another and why)
27
Q

List active learning strategies

A
  • Hands-on learning
  • Reflection
  • Discussion

Teaching and Learning (9 decks)

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