The Body

Question 1

Name the outer layer of skin and describe it

Answer 1

Epidermis:
• made up of dead cells.
• the MALPIGHIAN LAYER is inside. It contains pigment which protects your skin from the sun.

Question 2

name the inner layer of the skin and describe

Answer 2

Dermis : it contains ⬇️
• Sweat Gland - removes sweat. It leaves through the pores.
• Blood Vessels - supply skin with oxygen and nutrients.
• Nerves - allow us to feel sensations e.g cold
• Oil Glands - produces to moisten skin
• Hairs - keeps body warm
• Fat Cells - insulate the body

Question 3

Functions of the skin

Answer 3

• removes sweat
• controls body temperature and keeps body at 37 degrees Celsius.
• vitamin d is made by the skin in sunlight

Question 4

4 guidelines for healthy skin

Answer 4

• wash body everyday
• cleanse, tone and moisturise.
• eat healthy diet
• drink plenty of water

Question 5

4 guidelines to prevent acne

Answer 5

• don’t squeeze/pick spots.
• clean skin thoroughly.
• avoid fatty foods.
• drink lots of water.

Question 6

What can over exposure cause to the skin.

Answer 6

It can cause skin cancer, premature ageing and sunburn. The risk is high in Ireland because of their pale skin.

Question 7

4 guidelines for safe sunbathing

Answer 7

1. Wear wide brimmed hat and t - shirt
2. Avoid going out to sun between 11am to 3pm.
3. Use high protection sunscreen.
4. Don’t fall asleep in the sun

Question 8

Personal hygiene guidelines

Answer 8

1. Wash hands after using toilet and before eating
2. Wash after excerise
3. Brush your teeth every morning and night
4. Change underwear and socks everyday

Question 9

Name the 4 different types of teeth and there functions

Answer 9

Incisors - sharp teeth. Cut and bite food.
Canines - pointed teeth. tear food.
Pre molars - doubled pointed teeth. Chew and grind food.
Molars - large teeth. Chew and grind food.

Question 10

Name the two main sections of the tooth and. Functions

Answer 10

Crown: visible part of the tooth.

Root : is embedded into gum

Question 11

Name the other 5 parts of the tooth and functions

Answer 11

Enamel: hard substance which protects tooth
Dentine: bone like substance that’s under the enamel
Pulp cavity: centre of tooth which contains blood vessels.
Cementum: layer around the root which holds tooth in place in jaw.
Periodontal fibres: these hold the tooth in the bone.

Question 12

What is plaque ?

Answer 12

It consists of food particles, salvia and bacteria. It builds up in the surface of the tooth

Question 13

What is tartar

Answer 13

It is hardened plaque on teeth. Allowed bacteria to grow and causes teeth to be stained

Question 14

What is tooth decay

Answer 14

If plaque is not removed, bacteria present will act on food particles to produce acids. The acids attack the too enamel, wearing it away until it reaches the dentine

Question 15

4 guidelines on brushing teeth

Answer 15

1. Brush outer surface
2. Brush inner surface
3. Brush chewing surface
4. Clean between teeth using dental floss.

Question 16

4 guidelines for healthy teeth and gums

Answer 16

1. Visit dentist regularly
2. Brush your teeth daily twice
3. Use dental floss between teeth
4. Avoid sugar foods and drinks

Question 17

What type of organ is skin.

Answer 17

Excretory organ, meaning it removes waste such as sweat.