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Google IT Certification Class > The Bits and Bytes of Computer Networking: Week 2 > Flashcards

The Bits and Bytes of Computer Networking: Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Where can nodes communicate with each other?

A

On a LAN through their physical MAC addresses, works well on small scale because switches can quickly learn MAC addresses.

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2
Q

What is dotted decimal notation?

A

Writing numbers in octet-grouped base-10 numbers

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3
Q

What does DHCP do?

A

(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Modern networks automatically assigning a new device an IP address. IP addresses assigned this way is called Dynamic IP addressing,

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4
Q

Do IP addresses belong to networks or the devices connected to the networks?

A

Belong to the networks.

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5
Q

How are Static IP’s configured on nodes?

A

Manually. Usually this is reserved for servers & networks, while dynamic IP’s are reserved for clients.

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6
Q

What is a IP Datagram?

A

A highly structured series of fields that are strictly defined.

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7
Q

What is the first section of a IP Datagram?

A

4 bits that are called the Version. The version indicates what version of Internet Protocol is being used (IPv4 vs. IPv6)

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8
Q

What is the second section of an IP Datagram?

A

Header Length: Declares how long the entire header is. Usually always 20 bytes when dealing with IPv4 which is the minimum IP header length.

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9
Q

What is the 3rd section of an IP Datagram?

A

Service Type Field: These 8 bits can be used to specify details about quality of service (QoS) technologies.

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10
Q

What is the 4th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Total Length Field: Indicates the total length of the IP datagram it’s attached to.

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11
Q

What is the 5th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Identification field: A 16 bit number that’s used to group messages together.

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12
Q

How big can an IP Datagram be?

A

The largest number you can represent with 16 bits (65,535).

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13
Q

What is the 6th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Flag Field: Used to indicate if a datagram is allowed to be fragmented

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14
Q

What is the 7th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Fragmentation: The process of taking a single IP Datagram and splitting it up into several smaller datagrams.

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15
Q

What is the 8th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Time To Live (TTL) Field: An 8-bit field that indicates how many router hops a datagram can traverse before it’s thrown away.

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16
Q

What is the 9th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Protocol Field: Another 8-bit field that contains data about what transport layer protocol is being used.

17
Q

What is the 10th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Header Check-sum field: A checksum of the content of the entire IP datagram header

18
Q

11th and 12th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Source + Destination IP Addresses (32 bits)

19
Q

What is the 13th section of an IP Datagram?

A

IP Options Field: An optional field and is used to get special characteristics for datagrams primarily used for testing purposes.

20
Q

What is the 14th section of an IP Datagram?

A

Padding field: Series of 1’s and 0’s used to ensure the header is the correct size.

21
Q

What are IP Addresses split into?

A

2 sections, the network ID and the host ID

{9.} (Network) {100.100.100} (Host)

22
Q

What is the address class system?

A

A way of defining how the global IP address space is split up

23
Q

What are the 3 primary types of address classes?

A

A class: first octet used for networks, last 3 for host

B class: first 2 octet used for network, last 2 host

C class: first 3 octet network, final octet host

24
Q

What is ARP? (Address Resolution Protocol)

A

A protocol used to discover the hardware address of a node with a certain IP address

25
Q

What is a ARP table?

A

A list of IP addresses and the MAC addresses associated with them

26
Q

What is subnetting?

A

The process of taking a large network and splitting it up into many individual and smaller sub-networks or subnets

27
Q

What is subnet masks?

A

32-bit numbers that are normally written out as four octets in decimal. A way for computers to use and operators to determine if an IP address exists on the same network,

28
Q

What is basic binary math?

A

Section spoke about adding up Binary. 1 & 1 = 1, 1 & 0 = 0

29
Q

What is CIDER? (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)

A

More flexible approach to describing blocks of IP Addresses

30
Q

What is the Demarcation Point?

A

To describe where one network or system ends and another one begins

31
Q

What is a Router?

A

Network device that forwards traffic depending on the destination address of that traffic

32
Q

What are routing tables?

A

Hop & total hops play role into getting data across to user as fast as possible

33
Q

What is Interior Gateway Protocols?

A

Split into two categories: Link state routing & distance-vector protocols

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