Technical Support Fundamentals: Week 3

Question 1

Remote Connection

Answer 1

Allows us to manage multiple machines from anywhere in the world.

Question 2

SSH (Secure Shell)

Answer 2

A protocol implemented by other programs to securely access one computer from another. Requires a SSH client on the connecting computer and a SSH server on the computer being connected to. The server runs in the background constantly awaiting connection

Question 3

SSH Authentication Key

Answer 3

More secure, comes with two keys.

Private - Can only unlock with private key
Public - Can only lock with public key

The two must be used in unison to authenticate

Question 4

VPN

Answer 4

Virtual Private Network - another way to securely connect to another computer. Allows you to connect to a private network, like your work network, over the internet.

Question 5

Operating System

Answer 5

The whole package that manages our computer’s resources and let us interact with it.

Question 6

What does the File Handling in the Kernel Space handle?

Answer 6

Data, Metadata & File System

Question 7

What are the 4 Kernel Space layers?

Answer 7

File Manger, Process Manager, Memory Mangement, I/O Management

Question 8

NTFS

Answer 8

Windows major file system, includes encryption, faster access speeds, better security + more

Question 9

APFS

Answer 9

Mac OS file system, fixed core issues with the previous iteration, optimized for SSD and supports encryption, snapshots, and increased data integrity

Question 10

EXT4

Answer 10

The standard file system for Linux, but each build ranges from different file systems

Question 11

Block Storage

Answer 11

Improves faster handling of data because the data isn’t stored as one long piece and can be accessed quicker.

We write data to our hard drive in the form of data blocks.

Question 12

Metadata

Answer 12

Includes information about files including file owner, permissions, file size, date created + last modified and the file type. Tells us all the information that is collected.

Question 13

File Extension

Answer 13

The appended part of a file name that tells us what type of file it is in certain operating systems

Question 14

Process

Answer 14

A program that’s executing, like our internet browser or text editor

Question 15

Program

Answer 15

An application that we can run, like Firefox

Question 16

Time Slice

Answer 16

The period of time for which a process is allowed to run in a preemptive multitasking system is generally called the time slice or quantum

Question 17

Kernel

Answer 17

Creates processes, efficiently schedules them, and manages how processes are terminated

Question 18

Virtual Memory

Answer 18

The combination of hard-drive space and RAM that acts like memory that our processes can use

Virtual memory is a section of volatile memory created temporarily on the storage drive. It is created when a computer is running many processes at once and RAM is running low.

Question 19

I/O Devices

Answer 19

An input/output device is any hardware used by a human operator or other systems to communicate with a computer. As the name suggests, input/output devices are capable of sending data (output) to a computer and receiving data from a computer (input). Hard drives, touch screens, thumb drives, mouse, keyboard

Question 20

GUI

Answer 20

Graphical User Interface - A visual way to interact with a computer

Question 21

Shell

Answer 21

Text based commands - A program that interprets text commands and sends them to the OS to execute

Question 22

Logs

Answer 22

Files that record system events on our computer, just like a system diary.

Question 23

Boot Process

Answer 23

• Power On
• BIOS/UEFI: A low level software that initializes our computers hardware to make sure everything is good to run
• BIOS runs POST test
• Boot Devices get selected (Bootloader: A small program that loads the operating system)
• Operating System
• Kernel - Drivers as well so it can talk to software
• Essential System processes + user space