the biosphere Flashcards
what is the biosphere
the biosphere is all places on the earth where life exists
what 4 systems make up the earth
lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and the atmosphere
give the definition of the 4 parts that the earth is made of
lithosphere - a thin layer of rock and soil that covers the earth.
hydrosphere - all the water on earth such as the ocean, lake and rivers and in the air water vapour
atmosphere - thin layer of gases mainly nitrogen oxygen and carbon dioxide that surround the earth
what 3 parts does the biosphere contain
- the parts of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and the atmosphere that contain life
- all the living organisms on earth
- dead organic matter
what are the smaller unit that the biosphere is made up of called
ecosystems
what do you call the organisms that feed on and break down organic matter
decomposers
E.g. fungi bacteria
what is the largest biological system on earth
the biosphere
what are micro-organisms
tiny organisms that live everywhere in the biosphere
what is an ecosystem
they are smaller units of the biosphere the include all living things in a place, interacting with each other non living things
what is a species
a species is the lowest group of similar organisms that can mate and produce offspring (a category within the biological classification system)
what do these words mean excretion and respiration
excretion- removal of waste from the body
respiration- process that produces energy from food
what do micro organisms help to do
they help cycle nutrients through the environment so that they can be reused
name the rym and the seven life processes
Mrs Gren
- movement
- reproduction
- sensitivity
- growth
- respiration
- excretion
- nutrition
do you know what the 7 life processes mean
yes / no
what do all living things need
energy, water, gasses and soil / land
what is the average earth temperature
14 degrees celcius
what is an adaptation
it is a characteristic that an animal develops to help it survive in its environment
do you know the adaptations of fish, kelp, camel thorn tree, gemsbok and weaver birds
yes no
what is the meaning of the following words classify, taxonomy and kingdom
classify- arrange objects into groups based on similar characteristics
taxonomy- the science of classifying living objects
kingdom- the highest order of taxonomic classification
why do we classify things
to make it easier to make sense of the world around us the are classified into groups which have similar characteristics.
what are the 5 main kingdoms
animals, plants, protists, fungi and bacteria
how many organisms does each kingdom hold
animals-1 200 000 plants-290 000 protists-150 000 fungi-66 000 bacteria-4 000
name the rym and the 7 level classification
keep plates clean or family grows sick
- kingdom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
what are the main differences between animals and plants
1 movement- animals move around freely while plants use root to absorb moisture and to anchor themselves into the soil
2 nutrition- plants make their own food through photosynthesis, they have a pigment called chlorophyll in them that makes them green and allows them to make their own food, animals don’t have chlorophyll so they have to eat other plants and animals for food
3 reproduction- flower plants produce seed while plants like ferns produce spores vegetative reproduction is when leaf or flower is able to grow into a whole new plant
what to groups can all animals be place in and what do they mean
invertebrates- animals that have no backbone
vertebrates- animals with backbones
list the invertebrates and vertebrates
- vertebrates - fish, mammals, amphibians, reptiles and birds.
- invertebrates - phylum arthropoda : insects, arachnids and crustaceans
- —————————phylum mollusca : molluscs
do you know each of these animals properties
yes / no
what is a key
it is use to identify live things
we use dichotomous key which are made up of statements, these statements can be written in a diagram (branching key) or in pairs (number keys)
what is variation
differences between a species
what are inherited characteristics
features passed down from parent to young
what are inferences
conclusions based on evidence
what is and environmental variation
these are variations caused by the environment
e.g. tatoos, well developed muscles
