the biodiversity of plants

Question 1

give the meanings for the following seeds, spores and sori

Answer 1

1. seeds - reproductive structures produced by flowering plants.
2. spores - small, single-celled reproductive structures that float in the air used for reproduction in certain plants
3. sori - spore producing structures that grow on the lower surface fern leaves

Question 2

how is the plant kingdom divided

Answer 2

1. plant kingdom
2. 1 seed-producing plants 2.2 spore-producing plants
3. 1 3.1 angiosperms 3.2 gymnosperms
4. 1 4.1 dicotyledons 4.2 monocotyledons

Question 3

name 2 plant that are spore producing and how or they dispersed

Answer 3

ferns and mosses

- when the spores are ripe they are dispersed by the wind

Question 4

what 2 groups can seed producing plants be classified into

Answer 4

angiosperms and gymosperms

Question 5

give the definition of these 2 words angiosperms and gymnosperms

Answer 5

1. Angiosperms - most diverse group in the plant kingdom, they reproduce using flowers and their seed are covered in fruit (called “covered seeds”)
2. Gymnosperms - produce seeds in cones (called “naked seeds”)

Question 6

what are the 2 main groups of angiosperms

Answer 6

1. Monocotyledons

2. Dicotyledons

Question 7

why are the 2 main groups of angiosperms groups

Answer 7

It is because of the way the produce seeds

Question 8

what are the main differences between monocotyledons and dicotyledons

Answer 8

1. Monocotyledons - have one seed leaf or cotyledon

2. Dicotyledons - have two seed leaves or cotyledon

Question 9

what is a cotyledon

Answer 9

a type of leave that is found inside a seed

Question 10

what are the characteristics of a monocotyledons

Answer 10

• the parts of the flower are arranged in multiple of 3
• the stem remains green and flexible throughout life
• leaves are long and strap like, veins run parallel to each other along the length of leaf
• leaves or attached to stem with a leaf sheath
• has adventitious root system, many root grow directly from base of stem

Question 11

what are the characteristic of a dicoyledons

Answer 11

• the parts of flower of in multiple of 4 and 5
• axillary bud grows at angle of petillo and stem
• petillo attaches leaf to stem
• different species have different leaf shape, vein form network
• stem starts off soft and green and goes hard and woody the older the plant gets
• tap root system, goes deep in soil
• side root grow off main root

Question 12

what do the following word mean or do

sepal, petals, stamen, anther, filament, pistil, ovary, style, ovule and the stigma

Answer 12

1. sepal - protects and encloses other whorls while flower develops
2. petals - coloured parts of flower that can be fused or separated
3. stamen - male parts of flower
4. anther - upper part of stamen contains pollen grains, they contain the male sex cells
5. filament - stalk that carries the anther
6. pistil - female parts of flower
7. ovary - bottom part of the pistil, contain the ovule
8. style - tube that connects ovule to stigma
9. ovule - immature seeds, contain the female sex cells
10. stigma - nodule at the tip of style, collects pollen

Question 13

can you label and draw a diagram of a flower

Answer 13

yes / no

Question 14

name the four whorls of a flower

Answer 14

1. sepal
2. petals
3. stamen
4. pistil

Question 15

what do the following mean pollination, pollinators, pollen and nectar guides

Answer 15

1. pollination - transfer of pollen from the male to the female parts of the flower.
2. pollinators - organism that transfer pollen from 1 flower to the next.
3. pollen - a fine powdery substance produced by the stamen, containing the male sex cells
4. negtar guide - patterns on the flower that guide the pollinators to the pollen

Question 16

what are adaptations

Answer 16

characteristics of an organism that help t survive in its environment

Question 17

name the adaptations of a wind pollinated flower

Answer 17

• positioned at the top of long stems
• don’t have bright petals, nectar or scent, no pollinators needed
• produces large quantities of light, dry pollen, carried off easily in the wind
• have long stigmas and filaments, expose stigmas and stamens to wind
• have feather branch like stigmas, ensure that pollen is caught and trapped in wind

Question 18

name the adaptations of animal pollinated flowers

Answer 18

INSECT POLLINATED
- have sweet scent and bright colours (mainly blue, red, white and purple)
- make nectar
- produce little sticky pollen that sticks to insects
- have stamens and stigma inside where polen rub off of insect
-sometimes have nectar guides
BIRD POLLINATED
- have bright petals (mainly red, yellow and orange)
- no scent bird have weak sense of smell
- produces lot of nectar
- tubular or trumpet shape because of birds long beaks, pollen sticks to birds beaks
- long stamens and stigmas placed so they make contact with birds beaks

Question 19

when does fertilisation occur

Answer 19

when female and male sex cells fuse, the pollen contains the male sex cell while the ovule contains the female sex cell.

Question 20

give the definitions for the following zygote, fruit nd germination

Answer 20

1. Zygote - fertilised egg
2. Fruit - ripe ovary
3. Germination - process that occurs when a seed starts to grow

Question 21

do you know the process of germination and can you label a diagram

Answer 21

yes / no

Question 22

what do plant require to grow

Answer 22

light, air, water, warmth and nutrients

Question 23

why don’t seed grow next to the plant that dropped them

Answer 23

they may compete for the same resources

Question 24

what are the 4 way of seed dispersal

Answer 24

dispersal by: wind, humans and animals, water and self dispersal

Question 25

do you know all the fact and plant that do this (pg 36-37)

Answer 25

yes / no