The Big Quiz On Plants! Flashcards
Where does photosynthesis take place?
In chloroplasts
Contains pigments and chlorophyll that absorbs light energy
What is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis ?
The opposite of respiration (aerobic respiration)
6CO2 + 6H2O
(Light energy) -> (chlorophyll)
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
What does light energy do in photosynthesis?
Split water into oxygen and hydrogen ions
What are the 5 ways plants use their glucose?
- Respiration
- used in respiration to release energy
- energy to convert rest of glucose into other useful substances - Cell walls
- glucose turned into cellulose to make cell walls
- (especially of rapidly growing plants) - Stored in seeds
- glucose turned into lipids (fats and oil)
- then stored in seeds - Stored as starch
- glucose turned into starch
- starch stored in roots, stem and leaves
- used when photosynthesis doesn’t occur (at night)
- insoluble (can’t dissolve in water, doesn’t affect water concentration as it isn’t absorbing water) - Make proteins
- glucose mix with nitrate
- makes amino acids to make proteins
- used for growth and repair
What did Joseph Priestley prove?
Plants produce oxygen
1770s
How do plants gain mass?
By water
What happens if lit candle is put in a container ?
The fire would go out
What happens if a lit candle is in a container with a plant?
The fire would go out but re lit after a few weeks, due to the oxygen.
Where does the oxygen come from?
The water from photosynthesis
Plants photosynthesis
How can light slow down the rate of photosynthesis ?
Light provide energy for photosynthesis
Light level rising = Rate of photosynthesis increasing
How can carbon dioxide affect the rate of photosynthesis?
CO2 is needed for photosynthesis (plants use it)
More CO2 = higher rate of photosynthesis
How can temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis works best in a warm temperature
Warmer temperature = greater rate of photosynthesis
If temp. is too high, enzymes of plant will denature
And photosynthesis will stop
Where is the vascular bundle found in a leaf?
It is right under the chloroplast
It is part of the spongy mesophyll layer
Leaves are thin, is this an advantage for photosynthesis ?
Yes
Carbon dioxide and water vapour diffuse faster as it is a shorter distance to reach the photosynthesising cells
What is the stomata?
Found in lower surface of leaves
Little holes to let gases In and out of leave
(Carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapour)
What do guard cells do?
Surround each stomata
Controls when the stomata closes and opens
Allows it to control gas exchange
Why do leaves have air space in the spongy mesophyll layer?
Allows gases (CO2, O2) to move between stomata and photosynthesising cells.
What does “Big internal surface area to volume ratio” mean for a leaf?
That there is a LARGE SURFACE AREA for gas exchange in the leaf
What causes leaves to absorb light ?
The chloroplast which contains chlorophyll and photosynthetic pigments
Are all the photosynthetic pigments found in the chloroplast the same? Why?
No
Different pigments absorb different wavelengths of light
Plants can absorb most sun light energy and not let any go to waste
What are the 4 types of pigments found in chloroplast?
- Chlorophyll A
- absorb wavelength 400-450nm and 650-700nm - Chlorophyll B
- absorb wavelength 450-500nm and 600-650nm
(The pattern is that they go up by 50)
- Carotene
- absorb wavelength
400-550nm - Xanthophyll
- absorb wavelength 400-530 nm
Which cells are found in the palisade layer? (Near the top of leaf)
Cells that contain the most chloroplast
Can get most of the sunlight
How can light reach the palisade layer?
Above the palisade layer is the upper epidermis
Upper epidermis is TRANSPARENT
Light can go through it and reach the palisade layer
What are the 2 types of vascular bundles?
Xylem and phloem