The Beginnings Of The Nazi Party Flashcards
When did Hitler join the German Workers party?
In 1920
Who ran the German workers party?
Anton Drexler
What was the German workers party renamed to?
National Socialist German Workers Party
(NSDAP)
The Nazi party
What did Hitler do to the German Workers Party?
- Took over
- Renamed it to the Nazi party
- Gave the party a new flag
- Created a new private army
Who were the SA?
The Nazi’s private army (brown shirts)
They would beat up opponents, especially the communists
Why did the new Nazi party attract attention?
Because of Hitler’s powerful speeches, especially his rants against the treaty of Versailles.
When was the Munich Putsch?
November 1923
Why did Hitler plan the Munich putsch?
To take advantage of the hyperinflation crisis, to overthrow the Weimar government
Who were the storm troopers?
The SA
How many members did Hitler have in 1923?
50,000
Who helped Hitler plot the Munich Putsch?
Two nationalist politicians-
>Kahr
>Lossow
What was the aim of the Munich Putsch?
To take over Munich in a revolution
What happened on October the 4th 1923?
Kahr and Lossow called off the rebellion of the Munich Putsch.
Hitler already had 3,000 troops ready
What happened on the night of November the 8th?
Hitler and 600 storm troopers burst into a meeting that Kahr and Lossow were holding at a local beer hall.
They held them at gun point to make them agree to rebel.
The SA took over the army head quarters and the offices of the local newspaper
What happened at the Munich putsch?
On November 9 1923, Hitler and 3000 SA went in to Munich in what they thought would be a successful march to take power.
However…
Kahr had called the police and Army.
16 nazis were killed
hitler fled and was arrested two days later
What were the failures of the Munich putsch?
- completely failed in its aim to take powers, with Hitler being the first to flee.
- It was badly planned and ended in complete Chaos
- Hitler hoped he would have lots of support, however, only a few thousand joined out of the 50,000 Nazi members
- The nazi party was banned, and Hitler was prevented from speaking in public until 1927
What were the successes from the Munich putsch?
- Hitler used the trial as a speech against the Weimar Republic.
- the judge was Right Wing, so Hitler was only given 5 years BUT with the chance of parole after 9 months.
- In prison Hitler had time to write his book ‘mein Kampf’ outlining his beliefs. It was read by millions, and Hitler became a household name.
- Hitler changed his tactics, and decided that he would never come to power by force, so decided instead he would use propaganda and win over the German people.
- the 16 dead Nazies were seen as heroes in the future propaganda
Who was Gustavo Stresemann?
Germany’s chancellor in 1923-4
And foreign secretary after that
How did Stresemann help Germany?
- he created the Rentenmark to end hyperinflation
- created the Dawes plan 1929
- called of the strike of the Ruhr.
- created the young plan 1929
- the Locarno treaties 1925
- German joining the League of Nations 1926
- the Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928
What was the Dawes plan 1924?
A 800,000,000 mark loan from the USA
What was the young plan 1929?
The payment of reparations was reduced by 67%
What were the Locarno treaties 1925?
Germany and France agreed their border
What was the Kellogg-Briand pact 1928?
Over 60 nations agreed not to go to war
How did Germany improve when Stresesmann was chancellor?
- The amount of money and foreign goods in Germany increased
- It was an age of cinema, clubs, sex, modern arts and architecture, industry, radios and cars. Many urban people loved it, many rural people hated it.
- On the surface Germany was doing well, underneath it had problems: Germany was dependent on loans from other countries, and not making enough money
What bad thing happened in 1929?
The USA’s economy collapsed, they recalled all loans from Germany, this caused Germany to go bankrupt.
During the USA’s economic bust, how was Germany affected?
- Unemployment rocketed to 6,000,000
- people lost their homes and were living on the streets, searching through rubbish for food.
- the Weimar government dealt with the situation poorly, they refused to print more money, but instead raised taxes and cut wages. This increased peoples suffering.
- violence began to break out as people got desperate
What did the depression do for the Nazis?
The depression played into the hands of the nazis, because people were desperate and looked for someone to help
People looked for a new government.
What did Hindenburg have to do when the depression happened?
Run Germany using Article 48
How did Hitler use his speeches to gain power?
- promoted himself as the Saviour of Germany
- came across as powerful
- he promised to save Germany
How did the nazis seats change from 1928-1932?
- 1928: 12 seats
- 1930: 107 seats
- July 1932: 230 seats
- November 1932: 196 seats
What happened when Hitler asked to be chancellor?
Hindenburg refused. He chose Von Papen, the Von Schleicher but neither man could get the majority Of the Reichstag to make the country run properly
Eventually Hindenburg had no choice but to make Hitler chancellor on January 30th 1933
