The Basics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the best way to obtain a full and accurate exam on a child?

A

Distraction

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2
Q

Pediatric “Red Flags”

A
  • Sleepy/Lethargic
  • Not interactive with caregiver
  • Looking overly tired
  • Labored breathing
  • Poor color
  • Parental concern
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3
Q

Motor Development:

Newborns

A

Primitive reflexes,
Fixing gaze,
Flexed posture/fisted hands

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4
Q

Motor Development:

2 Months

A

Smiles,
Less flexed,
Visually tracks

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5
Q

Motor Development:

4 Months

A

Hands to midline,

Rolls front to back

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6
Q

Motor Development:

5 Months

A

Rolls back to front

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7
Q

Motor Development:

6 Months

A

Sits,
Unilateral reach,
Raking grasp

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8
Q

Motor Development:

8 Months

A

Crawls,

Immature pincer grasp

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9
Q

Motor Development:

9 Months

A

Cruises,

Claps

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10
Q

Motor Development:

12 Months

A

Walks with help

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11
Q

Social/Language Development:

Newborn

A

Cries to communicate ALL needs

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12
Q

Social/Language Development:

6 Weeks

A

Social smile

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13
Q

Social/Language Development:

2 Months

A

Cooing

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14
Q

Social/Language Development:

6 Months

A

Babbles (repetitive consonants)

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15
Q

Social/Language Development:

9 Months

A

Says “Ma Ma” & “Da Da”,

Object permanence

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16
Q

Social/Language Development:

12 Months

A

Understands much,

Says 2 words

17
Q

Social/Language Development:

18 Months

A

10 words, maybe many more

18
Q

Social/Language Development:

2 Years

A

2 word sentences

19
Q

Social/Language Development:

3 Years

A

3 word sentences

20
Q

What is the normal HR for:

Newborns - 3mo

A

80-205 bpm

21
Q

What is the normal HR for:

3mo - 2 Years

A

75-190 bpm

22
Q

What is the normal HR for:

2 - 10 Years

A

60-140 bpm

23
Q

What is the normal HR for:

> 10 Years

A

50-100 bpm

24
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate for:

Infants (birth - 12mo)

25
What is the normal respiratory rate for: | Toddlers (1 - 2 Years)
24-40
26
What is the normal respiratory rate for: | Preschoolers (3 - 4 Years)
22-34
27
``` What is the normal respiratory rate for: School Age (5 - 12 Years) ```
18-30
28
What is the normal respiratory rate for: | Adolescents (13 - 19 Years)
12-16
29
What are the three major evaluation pearls?
1. General appearance 2. Resp effort & energy level 3. Circulation
30
This is the term used to describe noisy UPPER airway breathing:
Stridor
31
This is the drug used to treat Stridor (upper airway):
Racemic Epinephrine
32
This is the term used to describe noisy LOWER airway breathing:
Wheezing
33
This is the drug used to treat Wheezing (lower airway):
Albuterol
34
How much weight does a child usually gain by 6mos?
They should double their birth weight
35
How much weight does a child usually gain by 1yo?
They should triple their birth weight
36
How much weight does a child usually gain between 1 and 2yo?
Typically 5lbs/year from 1-2yo and 2-5yo
37
True/False: A newborn will lose 5-10% of their birth weight
True. Once born, a child is at max perinatal weight, will lose some ounces of weight after first meconium (thus, 72hr check will likely be lower than birth weight). Will stabilize by ~2weeks and will start to gain weight and grow quickly.