The Basics

Question 1

What is the best way to obtain a full and accurate exam on a child?

Answer 1

Distraction

Question 2

Pediatric “Red Flags”

Answer 2

• Sleepy/Lethargic
• Not interactive with caregiver
• Looking overly tired
• Labored breathing
• Poor color
• Parental concern

Question 3

Motor Development:

Newborns

Answer 3

Primitive reflexes,
Fixing gaze,
Flexed posture/fisted hands

Question 4

Motor Development:

2 Months

Answer 4

Smiles,
Less flexed,
Visually tracks

Question 5

Motor Development:

4 Months

Answer 5

Hands to midline,

Rolls front to back

Question 6

Motor Development:

5 Months

Answer 6

Rolls back to front

Question 7

Motor Development:

6 Months

Answer 7

Sits,
Unilateral reach,
Raking grasp

Question 8

Motor Development:

8 Months

Answer 8

Crawls,

Immature pincer grasp

Question 9

Motor Development:

9 Months

Answer 9

Cruises,

Claps

Question 10

Motor Development:

12 Months

Answer 10

Walks with help

Question 11

Social/Language Development:

Newborn

Answer 11

Cries to communicate ALL needs

Question 12

Social/Language Development:

6 Weeks

Answer 12

Social smile

Question 13

Social/Language Development:

2 Months

Answer 13

Cooing

Question 14

Social/Language Development:

6 Months

Answer 14

Babbles (repetitive consonants)

Question 15

Social/Language Development:

9 Months

Answer 15

Says “Ma Ma” & “Da Da”,

Object permanence

Question 16

Social/Language Development:

12 Months

Answer 16

Understands much,

Says 2 words

Question 17

Social/Language Development:

18 Months

Answer 17

10 words, maybe many more

Question 18

Social/Language Development:

2 Years

Answer 18

2 word sentences

Question 19

Social/Language Development:

3 Years

Answer 19

3 word sentences

Question 20

What is the normal HR for:

Newborns - 3mo

Answer 20

80-205 bpm

Question 21

What is the normal HR for:

3mo - 2 Years

Answer 21

75-190 bpm

Question 22

What is the normal HR for:

2 - 10 Years

Answer 22

60-140 bpm

Question 23

What is the normal HR for:

> 10 Years

Answer 23

50-100 bpm

Question 24

What is the normal respiratory rate for:

Infants (birth - 12mo)

Answer 24

30-60

Question 25

What is the normal respiratory rate for:

Toddlers (1 - 2 Years)

Answer 25

24-40

Question 26

What is the normal respiratory rate for:

Preschoolers (3 - 4 Years)

Answer 26

22-34

Question 27

What is the normal respiratory rate for:
School Age (5 - 12 Years)

Answer 27

18-30

Question 28

What is the normal respiratory rate for:

Adolescents (13 - 19 Years)

Answer 28

12-16

Question 29

What are the three major evaluation pearls?

Answer 29

1. General appearance
2. Resp effort & energy level
3. Circulation

Question 30

This is the term used to describe noisy UPPER airway breathing:

Answer 30

Stridor

Question 31

This is the drug used to treat Stridor (upper airway):

Answer 31

Racemic Epinephrine

Question 32

This is the term used to describe noisy LOWER airway breathing:

Answer 32

Wheezing

Question 33

This is the drug used to treat Wheezing (lower airway):

Answer 33

Albuterol

Question 34

How much weight does a child usually gain by 6mos?

Answer 34

They should double their birth weight

Question 35

How much weight does a child usually gain by 1yo?

Answer 35

They should triple their birth weight

Question 36

How much weight does a child usually gain between 1 and 2yo?

Answer 36

Typically 5lbs/year from 1-2yo and 2-5yo

Question 37

True/False: A newborn will lose 5-10% of their birth weight

Answer 37

True. Once born, a child is at max perinatal weight, will lose some ounces of weight after first meconium (thus, 72hr check will likely be lower than birth weight). Will stabilize by ~2weeks and will start to gain weight and grow quickly.