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Final Step Questions Flashcards

1
Q

German measles is also known as?

A

Rubella

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2
Q

Bruises may be purple, green, yellow, and brown. How many days old is a yellow bruise?

A 
Purple = 1-5d
Green = 5-7d
Yellow = 7-10d
Brown = 10-14d
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3
Q

Pain c mvmt of the pinna or tragus suggests?

A

Otitis externa

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4
Q

First line tx for Pertussis (Whooping cough)

A

Erythromycin

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5
Q

A child should be able to hold their head up at age…

A

3 months

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6
Q

Salter-Harris Type I fracture affects what area?

A

Type I: (Slipped) Only the physis (through plate)
Type II: (Above) Epiphyseal fx with metaphyseal fragment
Type III: (Lower) Epiphysis into articular surface
Type IV: (Through/Together) Through distal metaphysis, epiphyseal plate, and epiphysis
Type V: (Rammed/ERaser) Impaction of epiphyseal plate

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7
Q

A child should be able to sit up at age…

A

6 months

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8
Q

Overweight 15yo body with a limp presents c/o knee pain s hx of trauma. Most likely dx?

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

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9
Q

Premature infant with hyaline membrane dz will have what appearance on CXR?

A

B/L atelectasis or ground glass appearance

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10
Q

Atypical/Walking pneumonia is caused by…

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

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11
Q

First line tx for Mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

Macrolide (Azithro, Clarithro, Erythro)

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12
Q

Pt is having seizures along with a mouse-like odor from urine, most likely dx?

A

Phenylketonuria

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13
Q

Dew drops on a rose petal

A

Chickenpox

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14
Q

Pale, boggy nasal mucosa

A

Allergic rhinitis

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15
Q

What are the 5 major JONES Criteria for dx Rheumatic fever?

A
  1. Polyarthritis
  2. Carditis
  3. Subcuticular nodes
  4. Erythema marginatum
  5. Chorea
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16
Q

Describe erythema marginatum

A

Pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the limbs (GrpA Strep infections/strep pyogenes, myocarditis)

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17
Q

Child with bulky, greasy stool should make you think of what dx?

A

Cystic fibrosis

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18
Q

Infant should begin cooing at age…

A

2 months

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19
Q

MCC of a URI

A

Rhinovirus

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20
Q

Koplik spots (white clustered lesions on buccal mucosa) assoc with what virus?

A

Measles (Rubeola)

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21
Q

First line tx for otits media

A

Amoxicillin

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22
Q

Tx for RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)

A

Albuterol, Steroids, and fluids

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23
Q

Child presents with painful ulcers in his mouth and on his feet and hands, most likely virus?

A

Coxsackie virus

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24
Q

Gold standard for dx of Cystic Fibrosis

A

Sweat chloride test

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25
Q

Child should be able to walk by age…

26
Q

If you suspect foreign body obstructing breathing what type of CXR should you order?

A

Expiratory view looking for hyperinflation d/t air trapping

27
Q

“Lazy eye”

28
Q

Staccato cough (time in between each cough for a breath) without fever should make you think of what dx?

A

Chlamydia pneumonia

29
Q

Most serious complication of Kawasaki syndrome

A

Aortic aneurysm

30
Q

Musical vibratory murmur heard at apex

A

Still’s murmur

31
Q

Palpable olive-shaped epigastric mass in a 1mo old

A

Pyloric stenosis

32
Q

A child should be able to use a spoon and stack 3-4 blocks at age…

33
Q

Xray finding that supports SCFE

A

Ice cream falling off the cone

34
Q

Which viral exanthem often has conjunctivitis as one of the sxs?

A

Measles (Rubeola)

35
Q

MC congenital heart defect

A

Ventricular septal defect

36
Q

Boot-shaped heart on CXR

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

37
Q

Tubular sausage-shaped mass on physical exam

A

Intussusception

38
Q

Tx for volvulus in a child

A

Barium enema

39
Q

Child should be able to roll over at age…

A 
4 months (front to back)
5 months (back to front)
40
Q

Heart valve most assoc with Rheumatic fever

41
Q

Loud, harsh, holosystolic murmur heard best at LLSB in a child

A

Ventricular septal defect

42
Q

Child presents with paroxysmal abd pn, N/V/D, most likely dx?

A

Intussusception

43
Q

Child should begin to feed himself at age…

44
Q

Currant jelly stool should make you think of?

A

Intussusception

45
Q

URI with hoarseness is most likely viral or bacterial?

46
Q

Describe Barlow’s test

A

Adduction and internal rotation? of the hips (flex hip and knees to 90, apply posterior force feeling for a hip subluxation)

Ortolani’s Test: Reduces the subluxed hip by keeping them at the 90-90 position and abducting while applying anterior force with fingers near head of femur

Done during neonatal period to test for congenial hip instability

47
Q

CXR finding of notched ribs

A

Coarctation of aorta

48
Q

How long should you wait for a swallowed marble to pass through the body before considering surgery?

49
Q

4yo boy presents between Oct and March with wheezing, coughing, a runny nose and inc RR, most likely pathogen?

A

Respiratory syncytial virus

50
Q

Describe weight gain pattern in an infant over the following time periods: 1wk, 6mo, 12mo, 3yo, 4yo

A

1wk: Newborns typically lose 10% of birth weight initially, but back to birth weight by 10days
6mo: Double birth weight
12mo: Triple birth weight
3yo: 30lbs and 30”
4yo: 40lbs and 40”

51
Q

Child should be able to kick a ball at age…

52
Q

Child with a fever lasting longer than 5d should make you think of…

A

Kawasaki syndrome (autoimmune dz causing inflamm to medium-sized arteries, aka mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome bc it also affects the lymph nodes, skin, and mucous membranes inside the mouth, nose, and throat)

53
Q

Widely split, fixed S2

A

Atrial septal defect

54
Q

Nasal polyps should make you think of…

A

Cystic fibrosis

55
Q

In order to dx Rheumatic fever what one thing MUST you have?

A

Evidence of a strep infection (positive titer or positive cx) plus 2 major criteria (Jones) or 1 major + 2 minor

56
Q

Forchheimer spots are assoc with what dz?

57
Q

Salter-Harris Type III affects what area?

A

Type III (Lower): The physis (growth plate) and the epiphysis

58
Q

Lacey pink rash should make you think…

A

Erythema infectiosum (aka Fifth dz, slapped cheek)

59
Q

Unilateral purulent rhinitis should make you think…

A

Foreign body

60
Q

“Cross-eyed”

A

Strabismus

61
Q

MCC of otitis media

A

Strep pneumonia

62
Q

A child should begin to say mama and dada by age…

Pediatrics (6 decks)

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