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Final Step Questions Flashcards

1
Q

German measles is also known as?

A

Rubella

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2
Q

Bruises may be purple, green, yellow, and brown. How many days old is a yellow bruise?

A 
Purple = 1-5d
Green = 5-7d
Yellow = 7-10d
Brown = 10-14d
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3
Q

Pain c mvmt of the pinna or tragus suggests?

A

Otitis externa

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4
Q

First line tx for Pertussis (Whooping cough)

A

Erythromycin

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5
Q

A child should be able to hold their head up at age…

A

3 months

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6
Q

Salter-Harris Type I fracture affects what area?

A

Type I: (Slipped) Only the physis (through plate)
Type II: (Above) Epiphyseal fx with metaphyseal fragment
Type III: (Lower) Epiphysis into articular surface
Type IV: (Through/Together) Through distal metaphysis, epiphyseal plate, and epiphysis
Type V: (Rammed/ERaser) Impaction of epiphyseal plate

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7
Q

A child should be able to sit up at age…

A

6 months

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8
Q

Overweight 15yo body with a limp presents c/o knee pain s hx of trauma. Most likely dx?

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

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9
Q

Premature infant with hyaline membrane dz will have what appearance on CXR?

A

B/L atelectasis or ground glass appearance

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10
Q

Atypical/Walking pneumonia is caused by…

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

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11
Q

First line tx for Mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

Macrolide (Azithro, Clarithro, Erythro)

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12
Q

Pt is having seizures along with a mouse-like odor from urine, most likely dx?

A

Phenylketonuria

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13
Q

Dew drops on a rose petal

A

Chickenpox

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14
Q

Pale, boggy nasal mucosa

A

Allergic rhinitis

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15
Q

What are the 5 major JONES Criteria for dx Rheumatic fever?

A
  1. Polyarthritis
  2. Carditis
  3. Subcuticular nodes
  4. Erythema marginatum
  5. Chorea
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16
Q

Describe erythema marginatum

A

Pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the limbs (GrpA Strep infections/strep pyogenes, myocarditis)

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17
Q

Child with bulky, greasy stool should make you think of what dx?

A

Cystic fibrosis

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18
Q

Infant should begin cooing at age…

A

2 months

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19
Q

MCC of a URI

A

Rhinovirus

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20
Q

Koplik spots (white clustered lesions on buccal mucosa) assoc with what virus?

A

Measles (Rubeola)

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21
Q

First line tx for otits media

A

Amoxicillin

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22
Q

Tx for RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)

A

Albuterol, Steroids, and fluids

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23
Q

Child presents with painful ulcers in his mouth and on his feet and hands, most likely virus?

A

Coxsackie virus

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24
Q

Gold standard for dx of Cystic Fibrosis

A

Sweat chloride test

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25
Child should be able to walk by age...
12 months
26
If you suspect foreign body obstructing breathing what type of CXR should you order?
Expiratory view looking for hyperinflation d/t air trapping
27
"Lazy eye"
Amblyopia
28
Staccato cough (time in between each cough for a breath) without fever should make you think of what dx?
Chlamydia pneumonia
29
Most serious complication of Kawasaki syndrome
Aortic aneurysm
30
Musical vibratory murmur heard at apex
Still's murmur
31
Palpable olive-shaped epigastric mass in a 1mo old
Pyloric stenosis
32
A child should be able to use a spoon and stack 3-4 blocks at age...
18 months
33
Xray finding that supports SCFE
Ice cream falling off the cone
34
Which viral exanthem often has conjunctivitis as one of the sxs?
Measles (Rubeola)
35
MC congenital heart defect
Ventricular septal defect
36
Boot-shaped heart on CXR
Tetralogy of Fallot
37
Tubular sausage-shaped mass on physical exam
Intussusception
38
Tx for volvulus in a child
Barium enema
39
Child should be able to roll over at age...
``` 4 months (front to back) 5 months (back to front) ```
40
Heart valve most assoc with Rheumatic fever
Mitral
41
Loud, harsh, holosystolic murmur heard best at LLSB in a child
Ventricular septal defect
42
Child presents with paroxysmal abd pn, N/V/D, most likely dx?
Intussusception
43
Child should begin to feed himself at age...
6 months
44
Currant jelly stool should make you think of?
Intussusception
45
URI with hoarseness is most likely viral or bacterial?
Viral
46
Describe Barlow's test
Adduction and internal rotation? of the hips (flex hip and knees to 90, apply posterior force feeling for a hip subluxation) Ortolani's Test: Reduces the subluxed hip by keeping them at the 90-90 position and abducting while applying anterior force with fingers near head of femur Done during neonatal period to test for congenial hip instability
47
CXR finding of notched ribs
Coarctation of aorta
48
How long should you wait for a swallowed marble to pass through the body before considering surgery?
24hrs
49
4yo boy presents between Oct and March with wheezing, coughing, a runny nose and inc RR, most likely pathogen?
Respiratory syncytial virus
50
Describe weight gain pattern in an infant over the following time periods: 1wk, 6mo, 12mo, 3yo, 4yo
1wk: Newborns typically lose 10% of birth weight initially, but back to birth weight by 10days 6mo: Double birth weight 12mo: Triple birth weight 3yo: 30lbs and 30" 4yo: 40lbs and 40"
51
Child should be able to kick a ball at age...
24mo
52
Child with a fever lasting longer than 5d should make you think of...
Kawasaki syndrome (autoimmune dz causing inflamm to medium-sized arteries, aka mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome bc it also affects the lymph nodes, skin, and mucous membranes inside the mouth, nose, and throat)
53
Widely split, fixed S2
Atrial septal defect
54
Nasal polyps should make you think of...
Cystic fibrosis
55
In order to dx Rheumatic fever what one thing MUST you have?
Evidence of a strep infection (positive titer or positive cx) plus 2 major criteria (Jones) or 1 major + 2 minor
56
Forchheimer spots are assoc with what dz?
Rubella
57
Salter-Harris Type III affects what area?
Type III (Lower): The physis (growth plate) and the epiphysis
58
Lacey pink rash should make you think...
Erythema infectiosum (aka Fifth dz, slapped cheek)
59
Unilateral purulent rhinitis should make you think...
Foreign body
60
"Cross-eyed"
Strabismus
61
MCC of otitis media
Strep pneumonia
62
A child should begin to say mama and dada by age...
12 months

Pediatrics (6 decks)

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