Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DMS EKG > The Basics > Flashcards

The Basics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the electrical power sources of the heart?
What are the hard wiring cells of the heart?
What are the contractile cells of the heart?

A

Pacemaker Cells
Electrical Conducting Cells
Myocardial Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

One electrical cycle of depolarization and repolarization from a single cell gives an electrical tracing called?

A

An Action Potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Resting membrane potential of the heart

A

-90mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal rate of the SA node

A

60-100

It is the normal pacemaker cell of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What allows the action potential to travel from the right atrium to the left atrium?

A

Bachman’s Bundle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the electrical pathway of the ventricles called?

A

Purkinje system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What ion is released intracellularly that causes contraction?

A

Calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

EKG paper usually moves at _____

At this speed, each large square represents _____ seconds

A

25 mm/sec

0.2 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In amplitude, one small square represents_____

and one large square represents_______

A
  1. 1mV

0. 5mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If you reduce standardization by 1/2, the QRS complex_____

A

Shrinks (by 1/2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The P wave shows

A

depolarization of the atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The first part of the p wave represents____

A

right atrial depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What causes the brief pause before the electrical signal is passed from the atria to the ventricles?

A

The AV node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is the pause created by the AV node important?

A

Allows the atria to finish contracting and empty their contents before ventricular contraction occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vagal stimulation does what to current flowing through the AV node

A

Slows the current further

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Flow of current through the Ventricles:

A

Right Side:
Bundle of His
Right Bundle Branch
Purkinje Fibers

Left Side:
Bundle of His
Left Bundle Branch
Septal fascicle, Anterior fascicle, Posterior fascicle
Purkinje Fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the QRS represent?

A

ventricular depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What fascicle runs along the anterior wall of the left ventricle?

A

Anterior Fascicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What fascicle depolarizes the IV septum in a left to right direction?

A

Septal fascicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In the QRS complex:
First deflection downward=
First downward deflection following and upward deflection=

A

Q wave

S wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In the QRS complex:
First upward deflection=
Second upward deflection=

A

R wave

R’ wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

If the entire QRS is solely one downward deflection, the wave is called

A

QS wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The T wave represents

A

Ventricular repolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Straight line connecting 2 waves=

A

Segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Straight line connecting 1 wave plus a straight line

A

Interval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

PR Interval measures

A

start of atrial depolarization to start of ventricular depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

PR segment measures

A

end of atrial depol to start of ventricular depol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

St segment measures

A

end of ventricular depol to start of ventricular repolarization

29
Q

QT interval measures

A

beginning of ventricular depolarization to end of ventricular repolarization

30
Q

A depolarization wave moving towards a positive electrode cause a ________ deflection

A

Positive

31
Q

A depolarization wave moving away from a positive electrode causes a _________ deflection

A

Negative

32
Q

A depolarization wave moving perpendicular to a positive electrode causes a _________ deflection

A

Biphasic Wave

33
Q

A wave of repolarization moving towards a positive electrode causes a ________ deflection

A

Negative

34
Q

The limb leads create what kind of plane?

A

Vertical Plane= Frontal Plane

35
Q

The three standard limb leads are:

A

Bipolar

Lead I, Lead II, Lead III

36
Q

Lead I angle of orientation is

The left arm is ____ and the right arm is ____

A

0 degrees

Left arm positive, right arm negative

37
Q

Lead II angle of orientation is

A

+60

38
Q

Lead III angle of orientation is

A

+120

39
Q

Lead I + Lead III=

A

Lead II

40
Q

The three augmented unipolar leads are

A

aVL, a VR, and aVF

41
Q

Lead aVL angle of orientation is

A

-30

42
Q

Lead aVR angle of orientation is

A

-150

43
Q

Lead aVF angle of orientation is

A

+90

44
Q

P wave voltage sum of

aVR + aVL + aVF=

A

0

45
Q

Inferior Leads=

A

Lead II, III, and aVF

46
Q

Left Lateral Leads=

A

Leads I, aVL

47
Q

Right sided limb lead=

A

aVR

48
Q

Precordial leads record forces moving____ & _____

A

anteriorly & posteriorly

49
Q

In women what leads are placed under the breasts?

A

Leads V3 to V6

50
Q

V1 is placed
V2 is placed
V3 is placed

A

in the 4th intercostal space to right of sternum

4th intercostal space to left of sternum

Between V2 and V4

51
Q

V4 is placed
V5 is placed
V6 is placed

A

5th intercostal space, midclavicular line

Between V4 and V6

5th intercostal space in midaxillary line

52
Q

What body surface should you never use to locate position of electrodes

A

nipples

53
Q

The positive pole for each chest lead points

A

Anteriorly, toward the front of the chest

54
Q

A wave of depolarization moving towards a positive limb lead creates an ______ deflection

A

Upward

55
Q

Positive P waves are expected in leads

A

I, aVL, II, aVF

V5, V6

56
Q

A biphasic p wave is expected in leads

A

Lead III

V1

57
Q

Negative P waves are expected in leads

A

aVR

58
Q

In any square the P wave amplitude is typically less than

A

.25mV or 2.5 small squares

59
Q

Initial negative deflection of the Q wave may be seen in leads

A

I, aVL, V5, V6

60
Q

Normal Q waves have an amplitude no greater than

A

.1mv

61
Q

Large positive R waves may be seen in

A

left lateral and inferior leads

62
Q

Transition zone or leads in which QRS complex goes from mostly negative to mostly positive is typically seen in

A

V3 or V4

63
Q

QRS complex generally lasts

A

.06 to .1 seconds

64
Q

ST segment is generally _______ in ____ leads

A

Horizontal or gently up slopping in all leads

65
Q

Normal T wave is always negative in lead_____ but positive in lead_____

A

Negative in aVR

Positive in lead II

66
Q

If the T wave is positive in any chest lead it must ________ or it is abnormal

A

remain positive in all the chest leads to the left of that lead

67
Q

Normal T wave amplitude is

A

1/3 to 2/3 that of the corresponding R wave

68
Q

In a normal QT interval the_____ is wider than the ____

A

T wave is wider than the QRS

DMS EKG (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions