The Back

Question 1

What are intrinsic muscles?

Answer 1

the epaxial muscles that support upright posture and allow movements of the vertebral column. They are also involved in proprioception and are innervated by the dorsal rami of spinal nerves.

Question 2

What two muscles make up layer 1 of the superficial hypaxial muscles of the back region?

A. Trapezius & levator scapulae
B. Rhomboid major & rhomboid minor
C. trapezius & latissimus dorsi
D. Latissimus dorsi & levator scapulae

Answer 2

C. Trapezius & latissimus dorsi

Question 3

What 3 muscles make up the superficial hypaxial muscles of the back region?

A. Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae
B. latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor
C. Trapezius, lavator scapulae, rhomboid minor
D. levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

Answer 3

D. Lavator scapulae, Rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor

Question 4

What do the the superficial, or extrinsic, muscles of the back move?

Answer 4

the upper limb and pectoral girdle

Question 5

What do the posterior axioappendicular muscles connect?

Answer 5

Posterior muscles that attach the scapula and humerus to the axial skeleton, and/or the scapula to the humerus

Question 6

What does the accessory nerve innervate as far as back muscles?

Answer 6

Trapezius muscle

Question 7

What muscles of the superficial back does the dorsal scapular innervate?

Answer 7

lavator scapulae and the rhomboid major & minor

Question 8

What 2 muscles make up the third layer of extrinsic muscles of the back?

Answer 8

1. Serratus posterior superior

2. Serratus posterior inferior

Question 9

What spinal nerve rami innervates epaxial muscle?

1. Dorsal rami
2. Ventral rami
3. Both
4. neither

Answer 9

1. dorsal rami

Question 10

What are the 2 major groups of epaxial back muscles?

Answer 10

1. Erector Spinae Group

2. Transversospinalis group

Question 11

What 3 muscles make up the erector spinae group?

Answer 11

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Question 12

What three muscles make up the transversospinalis group?

Answer 12

semispinalis, rotatores, multifidus

Question 13

What are the 4 muscles of the suboccipital region?

Answer 13

1. rectus capitis posterior major
2. rectus capitis posterior minor
3. Obliquus capitis superior
   - (superior oblique capitis)
4. Obliquus capitis inferior
   - (inferior oblique capitis)

Question 14

What artery feeds the suboccipital region?

Answer 14

vertebral artery

Question 15

What nerve provides the motor innervations to the suboccipital region?

A. Greater occipital nerve
B. suboccipital nerve
C. vertebral nerve
D. all of above

Answer 15

B. suboccipital nerve

Question 16

What is the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane continuous with?

Answer 16

ligamentum flava

Question 17

Where do the sensory fibers for the innervation of the suboccipital region come from?

Answer 17

greater occipital nerve

Question 18

What are Extrinsic muscles?

Answer 18

Make up the hypaxial muscles of the back that move the limbs and are innervated by CN11 (accessory nerve) or branches of the brachial plexus from the ventral rami of spinal nerves